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Pharmacology HOSA > Menopause And Andropause Drugs > Flashcards

Menopause And Andropause Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Andropuase

A

Male menopause

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2
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful urinarions

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3
Q

Menarche

A

Age of onset of first menstruation

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4
Q

Menopause

A

The cessation of menstruation, end of monthly cycles, referring to the fertility cycle of women

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5
Q

Neurogenic

A

Bladder impaired bladder function caused by a nervous system abnormality, typically an injury to the spinal cord

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6
Q

Nocturia

A

Voiding at night

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7
Q

Overactive bladder syndrome (OBS)

A

Conditions of urgency, frequency, and nocturia, with or without incontinence

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8
Q

Stress incontinence

A

Losing urine without meaning to during physical activity

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9
Q

Urge incontinence

A

Sting, sudden need to void because of bladder spasm or contraction

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10
Q

Uroselective

A

Anti adrenergic drug that is selective for alpha receptors in the urinary system and not generalized

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11
Q

Menopause symptoms

A

Hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, painful intercourse, mood changes and sleep problems, vaginal walls become thinner, shorter and lose elasticity, more susceptible to yeast infections, stress incontinence due to weakening pelvic floor muscles

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12
Q

Estrogen in postmenopausal women uses

A

Relief of moderate to severe symptoms of menopause (flushing and sweating), atrophic vaginitis, osteoporosis is postmenopausal women, palliative treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma, selected cases of advanced breast carcinoma, uterine bleeding caused by hormonal imbalance. If uterus intact, also use progestin

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13
Q

Transdermal estradiol in post menopausal women uses

A

After removal of the ovaries in postmenopausal, and primary ovarian failure

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14
Q

Warning swith the administration of estrogen in postmenopausal women

A

Increased risk of endometrial cancer, gallbladder disease, hypertension, hepatic adenoma, cardiovascular disease, thromboembolic disease, and hypercalcemia in people with breast cancer and bone metases

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15
Q

selective estrogen receptor modulators aka SERMs MOA

A

May potentiate or block estrogen effects in different tissues

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16
Q

SERMs in aging women uses

A

Vaginal atrophy, osteoporosis prevention, breast cancer treatment

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17
Q

Tamoxifen use

A

Breast cancer

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18
Q

Tormifene use

A

Breast cancer

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19
Q

Raloxifene MOA

A

Works in the bone at the estrogen receptor and decreases resorption and increases mineral density

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20
Q

Ospemifene use

A

Painful intercourse caused by vaginal atrophy

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21
Q

SERMS side ffects

A

Hot flashes, vaginal discharge, muscle spasms and excessive sweating

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22
Q

SERMs interactions

A

estrogen based drugs increase risk of endometrial cancer

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23
Q

SERMs in menopausal women considerations

A

Increased risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), stroke and MI

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24
Q

Ospmifene contraindications

A

Breast cancer, hepatic disease, shouldn’t be given with estrogens, estrogen antagonists, fluconazole or rifampin

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25
Q

SERM contraindications

A

Pregnancy

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26
Q

Raloxifene interactions

A

Decreased effectiveness of cholestyramine and warfarin, and drug should be discontinued 72 hours before surgical procedures

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27
Q

Symptoms of overactive bladder syndrome

A

Urinary urgency, frequent urination throughout the day and night, and urge incontinence

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28
Q

Antipasmodics MOA

A

Cholinergic blocking, inhibit bladder contractions and delay the urge to void (act at the parasympathetic nerve receptors)

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29
Q

Flavoxate use

A

In men to relieve dysuria symptoms, urinary urgency, nocturia, suprapubic pain and frequency and urge incontinence

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30
Q

Mirabegron MOA

A

Beta 3 adrenergic receptor Agonist, relaxes the smooth muscle as the bladder fills with urine, allowing the bladder to hold a greater amount of urine

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31
Q

Antipasmodics use

A

Bladder instability, caused by a neurogenic bladder

32
Q

Antipasmodics side effects

A

Dry mouth, drowsy, constipation, diarrhea, decreased tear production, decreased sweating, GI disturbances, dim vision, and urinary hesitancy, vomiting, nervousness, vertigo, headache, rash, mental confusion, discoloration of urine (dark orange to brown)

33
Q

Antipasmodics administration

A

Consider extended release capsules to reduce side effects

34
Q

Antipasmodics contraindications

A

Glaucoma, intestinal or gastric blockage, abdominal bleeding, myasthenia gravis, or urinary tract blockage

35
Q

Antipasmodics precautions

A

GI infections, benign prostatic hypertrophy, urinary retention, hyperthyroidism, hepatic or renal disease, and hypertension, and pregnancy (cat C)

36
Q

Antipasmodics interactions

A

Decreased effectiveness of antibiotics and antifungals, miperidine, flurazepam and phenothiazines and TCAs increase antipasmodics effect, decreased effectiveness of haloperidol, increased serum levels of digoxin

37
Q

Benign prostatic hypertrophy signs

A

Difficulty in urination, retention of urine, and incontinence

38
Q

Treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

A

Monitoring, invasive procedures, drugs are used for mild to moderate symptoms

39
Q

BPH Drugs : alpha adrenergics MOA

A

Exert their action of the smooth muscle of the prostate and the bladder neck, the block norepinephrine, allowing the muscles to relax and the urine to flow. Are uroselective

40
Q

BPH Drugs: androgen hormone inhibitors (AHIs) MOA

A

Prevent the conversion of testosterone onto the androgen DHT, resulting in a decrease of the size of the prostate gland

41
Q

BPH Drugs: alpha adrenergic blockers side effects

A

Weight gain, fatigue, dizzy, transient orthostatic hypotension

42
Q

AHIs used for BPH side ffects

A

Impotence, decreased libido, and a decreased volume of ejaculate, changes to breast tissue (pain or tenderness, discharge or enlargement)

43
Q

BPH Drugs: alpha adrenergic blockers precautions

A

Renal or hepatic disease, hypertension (symptoms may be increased)

44
Q

AHIs precautions

A

Renal and hepatic disease

45
Q

AHIs pregnancy cat

A

X

46
Q

Discontinue AHIs if

A

Angina or heart like pain occurs

47
Q

Discontinue alpha adrenergic blockers for BPH if

A

Angina or heart like pain occurs

48
Q

Dutasteride restrictions

A

Can’t donate blood while taking or up to 6 months after discontinuing drug

49
Q

BPH Drugs: alpha adrenergic blockers interactions

A

Decreased effectiveness of antibiotics and antifungals, and beta blockers and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors increase hypotension

50
Q

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors MOA

A

Oral, facilitate the enzyme that allows blood flow to penis

51
Q

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors use

A

Erectile dysfunction

52
Q

Tadalafil administration

A

Approved for daily use because it relieves urinary difficulties resulting from an enlarged prostate

53
Q

PDE5 inhibitors side effects

A

Headache, flushing, GI upset, nausea, runny nose, congestion

54
Q

PDE5 inhibitors contraindications

A

Men who use nitrates,

55
Q

PDE 5 inhibitors precautions

A

Pre existing cardiac problems, esp those using drugs to lower blood pressure, renal or hepatic impairment, ocular problems can occur

56
Q

PDE5 inhibitors interactions

A

Antiretrovirals increase effectiveness of PDE5 inhibitor, and increased effects of antihypertensives

57
Q

Sildenafil administration

A

Work best when no taken immediately after food

58
Q

Vardenafil administration

A

Work best when not taken immediately after food

59
Q

Hormones for cancer treatment use

A

Not a curative measure, but are adjuvants and sometimes palliative

60
Q

Hormones used as antineoplastics ex

A

Abiraterone, conjugate estrogen, megestrol, goserelin,

61
Q

Finasteride pregnancy considerations

A

Pregnant women shouldn’t handle this drug (commonly used in men)

62
Q

SERMs ex

A

Ospemifene, raloxifene

63
Q

Antipasmodics ex

A

Darifenacin, fesoterodine, mirabegron, oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodine, trospium, flavoxate

64
Q

BPH Drugs : peripherally acting antiadrenergics ex

A

Alfluzosin, doxazosin, silodosin, tamsulosin, terazosin

65
Q

AHIs ex

A

Dutasteride, finasteride,

66
Q

PDE5 inhibitors ex

A

Avanafil, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil,

67
Q

Adrenal steroid inhibitors ex

A

Aminoglutethimide

68
Q

Gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist ex

A

Degarelix

69
Q

Gonadotropin releasing hormone analogs ex

A

Goserelin, histrelin, leuprolide, triptorelin

70
Q

Antiandrogens ex

A

Abiraterone, bicalutamide, enzalutsmide, flutamide, nilutamide

71
Q

Estrogen ex

A

Estramustine

72
Q

Androgen ex

A

Testolactone

73
Q

Aromtase inhibitors use

A

Breast cancer

74
Q

Aromatase inhibitors ex

A

Anastrozole, exemestane, letrozole

75
Q

Progestins for cancer ex

A

Medroxyprogesterone, megestrol

76
Q

Antiestrogen ex

A

Fulvestrant (used for breast cancer)

77
Q

Antiestrogen SERM ex

A

Tamoxifen, and toremifene (both used for breast cancer)

Pharmacology HOSA (37 decks)

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