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Pharmacology HOSA > Menopause And Andropause Drugs > Flashcards

Menopause And Andropause Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Andropuase

A

Male menopause

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2
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful urinarions

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3
Q

Menarche

A

Age of onset of first menstruation

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4
Q

Menopause

A

The cessation of menstruation, end of monthly cycles, referring to the fertility cycle of women

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5
Q

Neurogenic

A

Bladder impaired bladder function caused by a nervous system abnormality, typically an injury to the spinal cord

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6
Q

Nocturia

A

Voiding at night

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7
Q

Overactive bladder syndrome (OBS)

A

Conditions of urgency, frequency, and nocturia, with or without incontinence

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8
Q

Stress incontinence

A

Losing urine without meaning to during physical activity

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9
Q

Urge incontinence

A

Sting, sudden need to void because of bladder spasm or contraction

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10
Q

Uroselective

A

Anti adrenergic drug that is selective for alpha receptors in the urinary system and not generalized

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11
Q

Menopause symptoms

A

Hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, painful intercourse, mood changes and sleep problems, vaginal walls become thinner, shorter and lose elasticity, more susceptible to yeast infections, stress incontinence due to weakening pelvic floor muscles

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12
Q

Estrogen in postmenopausal women uses

A

Relief of moderate to severe symptoms of menopause (flushing and sweating), atrophic vaginitis, osteoporosis is postmenopausal women, palliative treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma, selected cases of advanced breast carcinoma, uterine bleeding caused by hormonal imbalance. If uterus intact, also use progestin

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13
Q

Transdermal estradiol in post menopausal women uses

A

After removal of the ovaries in postmenopausal, and primary ovarian failure

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14
Q

Warning swith the administration of estrogen in postmenopausal women

A

Increased risk of endometrial cancer, gallbladder disease, hypertension, hepatic adenoma, cardiovascular disease, thromboembolic disease, and hypercalcemia in people with breast cancer and bone metases

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15
Q

selective estrogen receptor modulators aka SERMs MOA

A

May potentiate or block estrogen effects in different tissues

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16
Q

SERMs in aging women uses

A

Vaginal atrophy, osteoporosis prevention, breast cancer treatment

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17
Q

Tamoxifen use

A

Breast cancer

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18
Q

Tormifene use

A

Breast cancer

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19
Q

Raloxifene MOA

A

Works in the bone at the estrogen receptor and decreases resorption and increases mineral density

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20
Q

Ospemifene use

A

Painful intercourse caused by vaginal atrophy

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21
Q

SERMS side ffects

A

Hot flashes, vaginal discharge, muscle spasms and excessive sweating

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22
Q

SERMs interactions

A

estrogen based drugs increase risk of endometrial cancer

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23
Q

SERMs in menopausal women considerations

A

Increased risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), stroke and MI

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24
Q

Ospmifene contraindications

A

Breast cancer, hepatic disease, shouldn’t be given with estrogens, estrogen antagonists, fluconazole or rifampin

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25
SERM contraindications
Pregnancy
26
Raloxifene interactions
Decreased effectiveness of cholestyramine and warfarin, and drug should be discontinued 72 hours before surgical procedures
27
Symptoms of overactive bladder syndrome
Urinary urgency, frequent urination throughout the day and night, and urge incontinence
28
Antipasmodics MOA
Cholinergic blocking, inhibit bladder contractions and delay the urge to void (act at the parasympathetic nerve receptors)
29
Flavoxate use
In men to relieve dysuria symptoms, urinary urgency, nocturia, suprapubic pain and frequency and urge incontinence
30
Mirabegron MOA
Beta 3 adrenergic receptor Agonist, relaxes the smooth muscle as the bladder fills with urine, allowing the bladder to hold a greater amount of urine
31
Antipasmodics use
Bladder instability, caused by a neurogenic bladder
32
Antipasmodics side effects
Dry mouth, drowsy, constipation, diarrhea, decreased tear production, decreased sweating, GI disturbances, dim vision, and urinary hesitancy, vomiting, nervousness, vertigo, headache, rash, mental confusion, discoloration of urine (dark orange to brown)
33
Antipasmodics administration
Consider extended release capsules to reduce side effects
34
Antipasmodics contraindications
Glaucoma, intestinal or gastric blockage, abdominal bleeding, myasthenia gravis, or urinary tract blockage
35
Antipasmodics precautions
GI infections, benign prostatic hypertrophy, urinary retention, hyperthyroidism, hepatic or renal disease, and hypertension, and pregnancy (cat C)
36
Antipasmodics interactions
Decreased effectiveness of antibiotics and antifungals, miperidine, flurazepam and phenothiazines and TCAs increase antipasmodics effect, decreased effectiveness of haloperidol, increased serum levels of digoxin
37
Benign prostatic hypertrophy signs
Difficulty in urination, retention of urine, and incontinence
38
Treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Monitoring, invasive procedures, drugs are used for mild to moderate symptoms
39
BPH Drugs : alpha adrenergics MOA
Exert their action of the smooth muscle of the prostate and the bladder neck, the block norepinephrine, allowing the muscles to relax and the urine to flow. Are uroselective
40
BPH Drugs: androgen hormone inhibitors (AHIs) MOA
Prevent the conversion of testosterone onto the androgen DHT, resulting in a decrease of the size of the prostate gland
41
BPH Drugs: alpha adrenergic blockers side effects
Weight gain, fatigue, dizzy, transient orthostatic hypotension
42
AHIs used for BPH side ffects
Impotence, decreased libido, and a decreased volume of ejaculate, changes to breast tissue (pain or tenderness, discharge or enlargement)
43
BPH Drugs: alpha adrenergic blockers precautions
Renal or hepatic disease, hypertension (symptoms may be increased)
44
AHIs precautions
Renal and hepatic disease
45
AHIs pregnancy cat
X
46
Discontinue AHIs if
Angina or heart like pain occurs
47
Discontinue alpha adrenergic blockers for BPH if
Angina or heart like pain occurs
48
Dutasteride restrictions
Can’t donate blood while taking or up to 6 months after discontinuing drug
49
BPH Drugs: alpha adrenergic blockers interactions
Decreased effectiveness of antibiotics and antifungals, and beta blockers and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors increase hypotension
50
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors MOA
Oral, facilitate the enzyme that allows blood flow to penis
51
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors use
Erectile dysfunction
52
Tadalafil administration
Approved for daily use because it relieves urinary difficulties resulting from an enlarged prostate
53
PDE5 inhibitors side effects
Headache, flushing, GI upset, nausea, runny nose, congestion
54
PDE5 inhibitors contraindications
Men who use nitrates,
55
PDE 5 inhibitors precautions
Pre existing cardiac problems, esp those using drugs to lower blood pressure, renal or hepatic impairment, ocular problems can occur
56
PDE5 inhibitors interactions
Antiretrovirals increase effectiveness of PDE5 inhibitor, and increased effects of antihypertensives
57
Sildenafil administration
Work best when no taken immediately after food
58
Vardenafil administration
Work best when not taken immediately after food
59
Hormones for cancer treatment use
Not a curative measure, but are adjuvants and sometimes palliative
60
Hormones used as antineoplastics ex
Abiraterone, conjugate estrogen, megestrol, goserelin,
61
Finasteride pregnancy considerations
Pregnant women shouldn’t handle this drug (commonly used in men)
62
SERMs ex
Ospemifene, raloxifene
63
Antipasmodics ex
Darifenacin, fesoterodine, mirabegron, oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodine, trospium, flavoxate
64
BPH Drugs : peripherally acting antiadrenergics ex
Alfluzosin, doxazosin, silodosin, tamsulosin, terazosin
65
AHIs ex
Dutasteride, finasteride,
66
PDE5 inhibitors ex
Avanafil, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil,
67
Adrenal steroid inhibitors ex
Aminoglutethimide
68
Gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist ex
Degarelix
69
Gonadotropin releasing hormone analogs ex
Goserelin, histrelin, leuprolide, triptorelin
70
Antiandrogens ex
Abiraterone, bicalutamide, enzalutsmide, flutamide, nilutamide
71
Estrogen ex
Estramustine
72
Androgen ex
Testolactone
73
Aromtase inhibitors use
Breast cancer
74
Aromatase inhibitors ex
Anastrozole, exemestane, letrozole
75
Progestins for cancer ex
Medroxyprogesterone, megestrol
76
Antiestrogen ex
Fulvestrant (used for breast cancer)
77
Antiestrogen SERM ex
Tamoxifen, and toremifene (both used for breast cancer)

Pharmacology HOSA (37 decks)

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