Male And Female Hormones

Question 1

Anabolism

Answer 1

Tissue building process

Question 2

Androgens

Answer 2

Male hormones, responsible for sexual maturity and characteristics

Question 3

Catabolism

Answer 3

Tissue depletion process

Question 4

Estrogen

Answer 4

Female hormones, responsible for sexual maturity and characteristics

Question 5

Gynecomastia

Answer 5

Male breast enlargement

Question 6

Progesterone

Answer 6

Female hormone produced by the corpus luteum that works in the uterus along with estrogen to prepare the uterus for possible conception

Question 7

Testosterone

Answer 7

Primary male sex hormone, acts to stimulate development of the make reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics

Question 8

Virilization

Answer 8

Acquisition of male sexual characteristics by a woman

Question 9

Treating gender dysphoria

Answer 9

Counseling, surgical procedures, growth hormones, antihormone drugs, hormone replacement

Question 10

Anabolic steroids MOA

Answer 10

promote anabolism and reverse catabolism, have a minimal effect in the accessory sex organs and secondary sex characteristics

Question 11

Androgen therapy use

Answer 11

May be given as replacement therapy for testosterone deficiency, hypogonadism (failure of the testes to develop), delayed puberty, development of testosterone deficiency after puberty, postmenopausal metastatic breast carcinoma, and premenopausal hormone dependent metastatic breast carcinoma,

Question 12

Transdermal testosterone system use

Answer 12

Replacement therapy when endogenous testosterone is deficient

Question 13

Anabolic steroids use

Answer 13

Management of anemia of renal insufficiency, control of metastatic breast cancer in women, promotion of weight gain in those with weight loss after surgery, trauma, or infections

Question 14

Androgens side effects in men

Answer 14

Gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, inhibition of testicular function, impotence, enlargement of the penis, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, headache, anxiety, male pattern baldness, acne and depression, fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and phosphate retention

Question 15

Androgens side effects in women preparing for breast carcinoma side effects

Answer 15

Amenorrhea, menstrual irregularities, virilization (facial hair, deeper voice, and enlargement of clitoris), male pattern baldness, acne

Question 16

Anabolic steroids side effects

Answer 16

Virilization in women, acmes in both sexes, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fluid and electrolyte imbalances, testicular atrophy, jaundice, anorexia, muscle cramps, blood filled cysts of the liver and spleen, malignant and benign liver tumors, increased risk of atherosclerosis

Question 17

Anabolic steroids Sid effects in healthy people

Answer 17

Severe mental changes, uncontrolled rage, severe depression, suicidal tendencies, malignant and benign liver tumors, aggression, increased risk of atherosclerosis, inability to concentrate, and personality changes

Question 18

Male hormones contraindications

Answer 18

Liver disorders, serious cardiac disease, men with prostrate gland disorders (prostate carcinoma and prostrate enlargement), pregnancy (cat X), and lactation

Question 19

Anabolic steroids contraindications

Answer 19

Enhancing physical appearance or athletic performance,

Question 20

Anabolic steroids precautions

Answer 20

Older men because if increased risk of prostate enlargement and prostate cancer

Question 21

Male hormones interactions

Answer 21

Increased antidiuretic effect anticoagulants, imipramine and androgen increase risk for paranoid behavior, sulfonylureas and anabolic steroids increase risk for hypoglycemia

Question 22

Androgens diabetes considerations

Answer 22

Blood glucose levels should be measured frequently because blood glucose tolerance may be altered

Question 23

Male hormones elderly considerations

Answer 23

Elderly with cardiac problems or kidney disease are at increased risk for sodium and water retention with androgens and anabolic steroids

Question 24

Estrogens MOA

Answer 24

Important in the development and maintenance of the female reproductive system and the primary and secondary sex characteristics, fluid retention, protein anabolism, thinning of the cervicales mucus, inhibition or facilitation of ovulation,

Question 25

Progestins MOA

Answer 25

Necessary for the development of placenta and inhibit the secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, which prevents the maturation of the ovarian follicle and ovulation

Question 26

Estrogens use

Answer 26

In combination with progesterones as a contraceptive, or in postmenopausal women as estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) or in combination with progesterone as hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

Question 27

Progestins use

Answer 27

Treatment of amenorrhea, endometriosis, and functional uterine bleeding, and as oral contraceptives

Question 28

4 types of estrogen and progestin combination contraceptives

Answer 28

Monophasic, biphasic, triphasic, and quad-phasic

Question 29

Estrogens side effects

Answer 29

Headache, migraine, dizziness, depression, dermatitis, pruritus, chloasma, melasma, vomiting, bloating, abdominal cramps, breakthrough bleeding, withdrawal bleeding, spotting, change in menstrual flow, dysmenorrhea, PMS, amenorrhea, vaginal candidiasis, cervicales erosion, vaginitis, pain at injection site, sterile abscesses, steepening of corneal curvature, intolerance to contact lenses, edema, rhinitis, changes in libido, breast pain, enlargement and tenderness, reduced card tolerance, weight gain or loss, generalized and skeletal pain, venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism

Question 30

Warnings associated with the administration of estrogen

Answer 30

Increased risk of endometrial cancer, gallbladder disease, hypertension, hepatic adenoma, cardiovascular disease, thromboembolic disease, hypercalcemia in people with breast cancer and bone metastases

Question 31

Progestins side effects

Answer 31

Breakthrough bleeding, spotting, changes in menstruales flow, amenorrhea, breast tenderness, edema, weight gain or loss, acne, chloasma, melasma, insomnia, mental depression

Question 32

Contraceptive hormones side effects

Answer 32

Vary depending on estrogen and progestin content

Question 33

Estrogen contraindications

Answer 33

Breast cancer(except metastatic disease), estrogen dependent neoplasms, undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding, thromboembolic disorders, pregnancy (cat X)

Question 34

Progestin contraindications

Answer 34

``` Breast cancer (except for metastatic disease), estrogen dependent neoplasms, undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding, thromboembolic disorders, pregnancy (cat X), cerebral hemorrhage, impaired liver function ```

Question 35

Estrogen precautions

Answer 35

Gallbladder disease, hypercalcemia, cardiovascular disease, liver impairment. Cardiovascular complications are more likely in women who smoke and use estrogen

Question 36

Progestin precautions

Answer 36

History of migraines, epilepsy, asthma, and cardiac or renal impairment

Question 37

Estrogen excess signs

Answer 37

Nausea, bloating, cervical mucus increase, numerous polyps, hypertension, migraines, breast fullness or tenderness, edema

Question 38

Progestin excess signs

Answer 38

Increased appetite, weight gain, tiredness, hypomenorrhea, acne, oily scalp, hair loss, hirsutism, depression, monilial vaginitis, breast regression

Question 39

Estrogen deficiency signs

Answer 39

Early or midchle breakthrough bleeding, spotting, hypomenorrhea, melasma

Question 40

Progestin deficiency signs

Answer 40

Late breakthrough bleeding, amenorrhea, hypermenorrhea

Question 41

Oral contraceptives warnings

Answer 41

Cigarette smoking increases risk of cardiovascular side effects, hepatic adenomas, tumors, visual disturbances, gallbladder disease, hypertension, and fetal abnormalities

Question 42

Estrogens interactions

Answer 42

Decreased anticoagulant effect (oral), increased TCA effects, rifampin increases risk of breakthrough bleeding, hydantoins increase risk of breakthrough bleeding and pregnancy

Question 43

Progestins interactions

Answer 43

Anticonvulsants and rifampin decrease progestin effectiveness, and penicillins and tetracyclines decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives containing progestin

Question 44

Oral contraceptives considerations

Answer 44

Increased risk of postoperative thromboembolic complications, if possible, discontinue 4 weeks before surgery

Question 45

Androgens ex

Answer 45

Fluoxymesterone, methyltestosterone, testosterone,

Question 46

Anabolic steroids ex

Answer 46

Nandrolone, oxymetholone, oxandrolone

Question 47

Estrogens ex

Answer 47

Estradiol cypionate, transdermal estradiol, estropipate

Question 48

Progestins ex

Answer 48

Progesterone, medroxyprogesterone, norethindrone