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Pharmacology HOSA > Skin Disorder Topical Drugs > Flashcards

Skin Disorder Topical Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Antipsoriatic

A

Drug used to treat psoriasis

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2
Q

Antiseptic

A

Agent that stops, slows, or prevents the growth of microorganisms

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3
Q

Germicide

A

Agent that kills bacteria

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4
Q

Keratolytic

A

Agent that removes excessive growth of the epidermis

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5
Q

Necrotic

A

Pertaining to death of tissue

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6
Q

Onychomycosis

A

Finger or toenail infections

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7
Q

Proteolysis

A

Enzymatic action that helps remove dead soft tissues by reducing proteins to simpler substances

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8
Q

Purulent exudate

A

Fluid discharge of pus and white cells

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9
Q

Superinfections

A

Overgrowth do bacterial or fungal microorganisms not affected by the antibiotic being administered

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10
Q

Tinea corporis

A

Superficial fungal infection, aka ringworm

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11
Q

Tinea cruris

A

Superficial fungal infection of the grown region, aka jock itch

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12
Q

Tinea pedis

A

Superficial fungal infection of the foot, aka athletes foot

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13
Q

Tinea versicolor

A

Fungal infection that concentrates on the trunk of the body occurring in adolescents and young adults

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14
Q

Topical antibiotics MOA

A

Direct local effect on specific microorganisms and may be bactericidal or bacteriostatic

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15
Q

Bacitracin MOA

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

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16
Q

Topical antibiotics use

A

Treat primary and secondary skin infection, prevent infection of minor cuts, wounds, scrapes, and minor burns, treat acne vulgaris

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17
Q

Topical antifungal drugs MOA

A

Local effect by inhibiting growth of fungi

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18
Q

Topical antifungal drugs uses

A

Athletes foot, jock itch, ringworm, cutaneous candidiasis, other superficial fungal infections of the skin

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19
Q

Topical antiviral drugs use

A

Inhibit viral activity during initial HSV episodes, and directly in lesions to speed up recovery

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20
Q

Docosanol use

A

Speeds healing

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21
Q

Acyclovir administrations

A

Has a topical form (for oral HSV)

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22
Q

Penciclovir administration

A

Has a topical form for oral HSV

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23
Q

Topical anti infective side effects nature

A

Mild

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24
Q

Topical anti invectives side effects

A

Rash, itching, urticaria, dermatitis, irritation, or redness (May indicate allergic reaction)

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25
Q

Prolong use of topical antibiotics can result in…

A

A superficial superinfection

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26
Q

Topical antibiotics precautions

A

Pregnancy (cat C) and lactation

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27
Q

Acyclovir precautions

A

Pregnancy (cat B) and lactation

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28
Q

Penciclovir precautions

A

Pregnancy (cat B) and lactation

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29
Q

Econazole precautions

A

Pregnancy (cat C) andlactaton

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30
Q

Ciclopirox precautions

A

Pregnancy (cat B) and lactation

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31
Q

Topical feminized and antiseptics MOA

A

Affect a variety of microorganisms

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32
Q

Topical antiseptics and germicides use

A

Reduce the number of bacteria on skin surfaces, as a surgical scrub and preoperative cleanser, for preforming hand hygiene before and after caring for patients, in the home to cleanse the skin, and on minor cuts and abrasions to prevent infection

33
Q

Topical antiseptics and germicides side effects

A

Few, but occasionally, there can be an allergic reaction which can cause skin rash or itching (should discontinue if allergic reaction occurs)

34
Q

Topical corticosteroids MOA

A

Exert localized anti inflammatory activity, and reduce itching, redness and swelling

35
Q

Topical corticosteroids use

A

Psoriasis, dermatitis, rashes, eczema, insect bites, and 1st and 2nd degree burns, including sunburns

36
Q

Topical corticosteroids Side effects

A

Localized burning, itching, irritation, redness, dryness, allergic contact dermatitis, and secondary infections and systemic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression, Cushing syndrome, hyperglycemia and glycosuria

37
Q

Topical corticosteroids side effects are more likely to occur when…

A

Occlusive dressings are used

38
Q

Topical corticosteroids contraindications

A

as Mono therapy for bacterial skin infections, for use on the face, groin, or axila, and for ophthalmic use, and not used as sole therapy in widespread plaque psoriasis

39
Q

Topical corticosteroids precautions

A

Pregnancy (cat C) and lactation

40
Q

Topical immunomodulators MOA

A

Reduce inflammation by stopping the production of cytokines and aren’t systemically absorbed (so can be used on the face and neck)

41
Q

Topical immunomodulators use

A

Short term flare ups of atopic eczema, actinic keratosis (sun or aging spots), genital or perianal warts, some skin cancers

42
Q

Topical immunomodulators side effects

A

Localized to skin tissues, and include burning, itching, and skin redness, may develop photosensitivity and flu like symptoms

43
Q

Topical immunomodulators contraindications

A

Immunocompromised patients, long term use,

44
Q

Topical immunomodulators precautions

A

Pregnancy and lactation

45
Q

Tacrolimus contraindications

A

Allergy to macrolides

46
Q

Fluorouracil use

A

Actinic keratosis topically, but it should be handled like a chemo agent

47
Q

Topical antispsoriatics MOA

A

Helps to remove the plaques associated with the disorder

48
Q

Antipsoriatics use

A

Psoriasis

49
Q

Topical antispsoriatics side effects

A

Burning, itching or skin irritation

50
Q

Anthralin side effects

A

Skin irritation or temporary discoloration of the hair and fingernails

51
Q

Anthralin precautions

A

Pregnancy (cat .c) and lactation

52
Q

Calcipotriene precautions

A

Pregnancy (cat C) and lactation

53
Q

Topical enzymes use

A

Used to help remove necrotic tissue from chronic dermal ulcers, severely burned areas (2nd and 3rd degree burns)

54
Q

Topical enzymes MOA

A

Hasten the reduction of proteins into simpler substances

55
Q

Collagenase side effects

A

Mild transient pain and possibly numbness and dermatitis, but there is a low incidence of side effects

56
Q

Topical enzymes contraindications

A

Wounds in contact with Major body cavities or where nerves are exposed or in fungating neoplasticism ulcers

57
Q

Topical enzymes precautions

A

Pregnancy (cat B) and lactation

58
Q

Topical enzymes interactions

A

Enzymatic activity can be impaired by certain detergents and heavy metal ions (Mercury and silver), which are used in some antiseptics

59
Q

Optimal pH for collagenase

A

6 to 8, higher low lower pH decreases activity

60
Q

Keratolytics uses

A

Warts, calluses, corns, seborrheic keratoses

61
Q

Keratolytics side effects

A

Usually well tolerated, but a transient burning, rash, dry skin, scaling, or flu like syndrome can occur

62
Q

Keratolytics contraindications

A

Moles, birthmarks, warts with hair, genital or facial warts, warts with mucous membranes, or on infected skin, prolonged use in infants, people with diabetes, or with impaired circulation

63
Q

Keratolytics precautions

A

Pregnancy (cat C) and lactation

64
Q

Topical anesthetics MOA

A

Temporarily inhibit the conduction of impulses from sensory nerve fibers

65
Q

Topical anesthetics use

A

Releve itchin and pain caused by skin infections such as minor burns, fungal infections, insect bites, rashes, sunburn, and plant poisoning (poison ivy), some are applied to mucous membranes

66
Q

Local anesthetics side effects

A

Local irritation, dermatitis, rash, burning, stinging, and tenderness

67
Q

Topical anesthetics precautions

A

Class 1 antiarrhythmics because toxic effects are additive and possibly synergistic

68
Q

Topical meds pediatric considerations

A

Since infants and children have a high ratio of skin surface area to mass, they are at a greater risk of systemic side effects with topical meds

69
Q

Calcipotriene elderly considerations

A

Adults older than 65 are at risk for more skin related side effects

70
Q

Topical antibiotics ex

A

Azelaic acid, bacitracin, benzoyl peroxide, clinamycin, gentamicin, metronidazole, mupirocin, retapamulin

71
Q

Antifungal drugs ex

A

Butenafine, ciclopirox, clotrimazole, econazole, eficonazole, gentian violet, ketoconazole, luliconazole, miconazole, naftifine, nystatin, oxiconazole, sertaconazole, sulconazole, terbinafine, tolnaftate, tavaborole

72
Q

Topical antivirals ex

A

Acyclovir, docosanol, penciclovir, vidarabine

73
Q

Topical antiseptics and germicides ex

A

Chlorhexidine, hexachlorophene, oxychlorosene, povidone-iodine, sodium hypochlorite, triclosan

74
Q

Topical corticosteroids ex

A

Alclometasone, amcinonide, betamethasone, desoximetasone, dexamethasone, diflorasone, fluocinolone, fluocinonide, flurandrenolide, hydrocortisone, triamcinolone

75
Q

Topical immunomodulators ex

A

Imiquimod, ingenol mebutate, pimecrolimus, tacrolimus

76
Q

Antispsoriatics ex

A

Anthralin, calcipotriene, selenium sulfide

77
Q

Enzyme preparations ex

A

Collagenase, enzyme combinations

78
Q

Keratolytics ex

A

Masoprocol, salicylic acid

79
Q

Local anesthetics ex

A

Benzocaine, dibucaine, lidocaine, butamben picrate

Pharmacology HOSA (37 decks)

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