Adminsitration Flashcards
buccal
mouth cavity between jaw and cheek
inhalation
drug administration route in which the patient inhales the drug orally or nasally
medication errors
any preventable event or activity that can cause inappropriate use or patient harm
parenteral
administration of a medication through any route other than through the GI system
standard precautions
wearing gloves and other protective gear when toughing bodily fluids, mucous membranes, or any broken skin area
sublingual
in the mouth, under the tongue
unit dose
system of drug delivery in which a drug order is filled and medication dispensed to fill each medication order for a 24 hour period and is dispensed in a package labeled with the drug name and dosage
rights of drug administration
right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time, and right documentation
standing order
pre-established and approved by other nurses in the absence of the primary healthcare provider, possibly post or pre sugical procedures
single order
an order to administer the drug one time only
PRN order
an order to administer the drug as needed
STAT order
a one time order given as soon as possible
oral administration nursing responsibilities
with neogastric feeding tube, give oral drugs through tubbe, but crush them first and put powder in water and then through tube
parenteral administration nursing responsibilities cleansing skin
cleanse skin using a skin antiseptic in a circular motion, starting at an inner point and moving outwards
parenteral administration nursing responsibilities IM
when administering IM, pull back the syringe barrel after inserting, if blood appears in syringe, remove the needle form skin (drug isn’t injected), if no blood appears in syringe inject the drug
parenteral administration nursing reponsibilities after injecting
after removing needle, place pressure in the area
needle insertion intradermal
26 gauge, 3/8 inch long needle inserted at a 10 degree angle
needle insertion subcutaneous
25 gauge, 1/2 inch long, inserted at a 45 to 90 degree angle depending on size of patient
needle insertion intramuscular
20 to 23 gauge, 1 to 3 inch long needle, inserted into relaxed muscle at a 90 degree angle in quick dart throwing motion
needle insertion IV
18 to 26 gauge (size depends on type of substance and vein injected in), 30 degree angle
intradermal nursing responsibilities
can insert in inner forearm or upper back, area must be hairless and areas near mole or scars should be avoided, don’t aspirate or massage area, injection should produce a small wheal (raised area) on the skin
subcutaneous nursing responsibilities
inject in upper arms, upper abdomen or upper thighs, rotate injection sites, aspiration isn’t required, if blood appears in syringe, discard syringe and prepare a new injection
IM nursing responsibilities
if drug volume is larger than 3 mL, divide and give in multiple injections, inject in deltoid, hip, or thigh, use thigh for infants and children, if injecting in hip or thigh place patient in a comfortable position, but for deltoid , a sitting or lying position can be used
when to use z-track technique
a technique of IM injection for irritating drugs or those that can permanently stain skin
z-track procedure
draw drug up into syringe, then discard needle and place a new needle on syringe (prevents any old solution in needle from contacting tissues), pull plunger down to pull approx .1 to .2 mL of air into syringe (preveting oozing), pull skin, subcut tissues and fat laterally, displacing tissue by 1 in, while holding tissues, insert needle at a 90 degree angle and inject, after injection wait 10 sec, and release tissues while withdrawing needle
IV drugs can be given
slowly (over 1+ mins), rapidly, have drugs mixed with 50 to 100 mL of compatible IV fluid and administered during a period of 30 to 60 mins, into an existing IV line, into a heparin or saline lock(small IV catheter in vein), or being added to an IV solution and then being allowed to infuse in the vein over a longer period
Topical administration nursing responsibilities
Follow special instructions by primary care provider and manufacturer
Inhalation nursing responsibilities
Provide the patient with proper instructions for administering drug
Transdermal nursing responsibilities
Wear gloves, remove all old patches (fold sticky sides together and discard in sharp container), choose a dry, hairless area of skin, rotate sites, common sites are chest, abdomen, buttocks and upper arm. Don’t shave area to apply patch
