thurs 25 feb Flashcards
which condition is associated with point tenderness on palpation?
fibromyalgia
treatment of fibromyalgia?
exercise, good sleep hygeine, etc
treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica?
low-dose prednisone
treatment of fibromyalgia that persists after initial measures (exercise, sleep hygeine)?
anti-depressants
what head findings are seen in cri-du-chat?
- microcephaly
- protrudcing metopic suture
what syndrome is cutis aplasia associated with?
trisomy 13 (patau)
cutis aplasia is associated with edward syndrome TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE ITS ASSOCIATED WITH PATAU SYNDROME
closed fists with overlapping fingers are associated with which syndrome?
EDWARD (trisomy 18)
the appearance of pink stains or ‘brick dust’ in a neonates diapers represents…
uric acid crystals
is uric acid crystals in the diaper normal?
yes - babies will excrete uric acid crystals and it will decrease until adolescence
how does acetaminophen use effect warfarin?
increases warfarans effects by preventing vit K recycling in the liver
the risk of ototoxicity from loop diuretics is greater in patients with concurrent…
renal failure
“onion skinning” is characteristic of which bone tumour?
ewing sarcoma
“sunnburst” pattern is characteristic of which bone tumour?
osteosarcoma
is osteoid osteoma benign or malignant?
benign
chronic inflammation is a risk factor for… (which underlying cause of swelling)
lymphadema
clinical presentation of EARLY lymphadema?
soft skin, pitting edema
clinical presentation of LATE lypmhadema?
firm, dry and thickened skin, nonpitting edema
before starting empiric antiobiotic therapy for a patient with suspected endocarditis, what must you do?
obtain three blood cultures
most common cause of death in mixed connective tissue disease?
pulmonary hypertension
what conditions are associated with the anti-U1 antibody?
- inflammatory arthritis
- polymyositis
- raynaud phenomenon
- SLE
- feature of systemic scleroscis (sclerodactyly, esophageal dysmotility)
what BUN-to-creatinine ratio is associated with acute tubular necrosis?
10-15
what kind of casts are found in acute tubular necrosis?
muddy brown casts
a patient with an MI is having acute heart failure with pulmonary edema, what should they be given?
IV furosemide
a patient with an MI is having acute heart failure with unstable bradycardia, what should they be given?
IV atropine
a patient with an MI is having acute heart failure with persistant severe pain, what should they be given?
IV morphine
what are the pyramidal tracts?
part of the UMN system: consists of the corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts
what is pronator drift a sign of?
upper motor neuron (pyramidal/corticospinal) lesion
auer rods are seen in which cancer?
acute promyelocytic anemia (AML)
what chromosome abnormality is associated with acute promyelocytic anemia (AML)?
15:17 mutation (retionoic acid receptor)
why is acute promyelocytic anemia considered a medical emergency?
-theres a very high risk of pulmonary/cerebrovascular haemorrhage due to tumour consumptive coagulopathy
treatment of acute promyelocytic anemia?
all-trans-retinoic-acid
MOA of amiloride?
blocks eNAC in the collecting duct
most common causes of an acute, unilateral lymphadenitis?
S. aureus and S. pyogenes
avascular necrosis is a common complication of which disease?
sickle cell disease
every patient with marfans should undergo which investgiation?
echocardiography
how does CMV diarrhea present?
frequent, small volume stools that are often bloody
at what CD4 count does CMV diarrhea occur?
<50
at what CD4 count are patients are risk for cryptosporidium?
<180
trastuzumab MOA
antibody against HER2
which organ may trastuzumab cause toxicity to?
the heart -> heart failure
what investigation should patients undergo prior to trastuzumab therapy?
echocardiography to establish baseline cardiac function
adverse effect of bleomycin
pulmonary fibrosis
polyarteritis nodosa is associated with which underlying conditions?
hep B/C
how is the diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa made
tissue biopsy (no markers in blood)
QUINSY aka
peritonsillar abscess
