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step 2 uworld > thurs 25 feb > Flashcards

thurs 25 feb Flashcards

1
Q

which condition is associated with point tenderness on palpation?

A

fibromyalgia

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2
Q

treatment of fibromyalgia?

A

exercise, good sleep hygeine, etc

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3
Q

treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

low-dose prednisone

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4
Q

treatment of fibromyalgia that persists after initial measures (exercise, sleep hygeine)?

A

anti-depressants

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5
Q

what head findings are seen in cri-du-chat?

A
  • microcephaly

- protrudcing metopic suture

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6
Q

what syndrome is cutis aplasia associated with?

A

trisomy 13 (patau)

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7
Q

cutis aplasia is associated with edward syndrome TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE ITS ASSOCIATED WITH PATAU SYNDROME

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8
Q

closed fists with overlapping fingers are associated with which syndrome?

A

EDWARD (trisomy 18)

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9
Q

the appearance of pink stains or ‘brick dust’ in a neonates diapers represents…

A

uric acid crystals

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10
Q

is uric acid crystals in the diaper normal?

A

yes - babies will excrete uric acid crystals and it will decrease until adolescence

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11
Q

how does acetaminophen use effect warfarin?

A

increases warfarans effects by preventing vit K recycling in the liver

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12
Q

the risk of ototoxicity from loop diuretics is greater in patients with concurrent…

A

renal failure

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13
Q

“onion skinning” is characteristic of which bone tumour?

A

ewing sarcoma

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14
Q

“sunnburst” pattern is characteristic of which bone tumour?

A

osteosarcoma

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15
Q

is osteoid osteoma benign or malignant?

A

benign

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16
Q

chronic inflammation is a risk factor for… (which underlying cause of swelling)

A

lymphadema

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17
Q

clinical presentation of EARLY lymphadema?

A

soft skin, pitting edema

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18
Q

clinical presentation of LATE lypmhadema?

A

firm, dry and thickened skin, nonpitting edema

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19
Q

before starting empiric antiobiotic therapy for a patient with suspected endocarditis, what must you do?

A

obtain three blood cultures

20
Q

most common cause of death in mixed connective tissue disease?

A

pulmonary hypertension

21
Q

what conditions are associated with the anti-U1 antibody?

A
  • inflammatory arthritis
  • polymyositis
  • raynaud phenomenon
  • SLE
  • feature of systemic scleroscis (sclerodactyly, esophageal dysmotility)
22
Q

what BUN-to-creatinine ratio is associated with acute tubular necrosis?

23
Q

what kind of casts are found in acute tubular necrosis?

A

muddy brown casts

24
Q

a patient with an MI is having acute heart failure with pulmonary edema, what should they be given?

A

IV furosemide

25
a patient with an MI is having acute heart failure with unstable bradycardia, what should they be given?
IV atropine
26
a patient with an MI is having acute heart failure with persistant severe pain, what should they be given?
IV morphine
27
what are the pyramidal tracts?
part of the UMN system: consists of the corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts
28
what is pronator drift a sign of?
upper motor neuron (pyramidal/corticospinal) lesion
29
auer rods are seen in which cancer?
acute promyelocytic anemia (AML)
30
what chromosome abnormality is associated with acute promyelocytic anemia (AML)?
15:17 mutation (retionoic acid receptor)
31
why is acute promyelocytic anemia considered a medical emergency?
-theres a very high risk of pulmonary/cerebrovascular haemorrhage due to tumour consumptive coagulopathy
32
treatment of acute promyelocytic anemia?
all-trans-retinoic-acid
33
MOA of amiloride?
blocks eNAC in the collecting duct
34
most common causes of an acute, unilateral lymphadenitis?
S. aureus and S. pyogenes
35
avascular necrosis is a common complication of which disease?
sickle cell disease
36
every patient with marfans should undergo which investgiation?
echocardiography
37
how does CMV diarrhea present?
frequent, small volume stools that are often bloody
38
at what CD4 count does CMV diarrhea occur?
<50
39
at what CD4 count are patients are risk for cryptosporidium?
<180
40
trastuzumab MOA
antibody against HER2
41
which organ may trastuzumab cause toxicity to?
the heart -> heart failure
42
what investigation should patients undergo prior to trastuzumab therapy?
echocardiography to establish baseline cardiac function
43
adverse effect of bleomycin
pulmonary fibrosis
44
polyarteritis nodosa is associated with which underlying conditions?
hep B/C
45
how is the diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa made
tissue biopsy (no markers in blood)
46
QUINSY aka
peritonsillar abscess

step 2 uworld (57 decks)

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