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step 2 uworld > thurs 25 feb > Flashcards

thurs 25 feb Flashcards

1
Q

which condition is associated with point tenderness on palpation?

A

fibromyalgia

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2
Q

treatment of fibromyalgia?

A

exercise, good sleep hygeine, etc

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3
Q

treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

low-dose prednisone

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4
Q

treatment of fibromyalgia that persists after initial measures (exercise, sleep hygeine)?

A

anti-depressants

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5
Q

what head findings are seen in cri-du-chat?

A
  • microcephaly

- protrudcing metopic suture

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6
Q

what syndrome is cutis aplasia associated with?

A

trisomy 13 (patau)

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7
Q

cutis aplasia is associated with edward syndrome TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE ITS ASSOCIATED WITH PATAU SYNDROME

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8
Q

closed fists with overlapping fingers are associated with which syndrome?

A

EDWARD (trisomy 18)

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9
Q

the appearance of pink stains or ‘brick dust’ in a neonates diapers represents…

A

uric acid crystals

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10
Q

is uric acid crystals in the diaper normal?

A

yes - babies will excrete uric acid crystals and it will decrease until adolescence

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11
Q

how does acetaminophen use effect warfarin?

A

increases warfarans effects by preventing vit K recycling in the liver

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12
Q

the risk of ototoxicity from loop diuretics is greater in patients with concurrent…

A

renal failure

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13
Q

“onion skinning” is characteristic of which bone tumour?

A

ewing sarcoma

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14
Q

“sunnburst” pattern is characteristic of which bone tumour?

A

osteosarcoma

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15
Q

is osteoid osteoma benign or malignant?

A

benign

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16
Q

chronic inflammation is a risk factor for… (which underlying cause of swelling)

A

lymphadema

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17
Q

clinical presentation of EARLY lymphadema?

A

soft skin, pitting edema

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18
Q

clinical presentation of LATE lypmhadema?

A

firm, dry and thickened skin, nonpitting edema

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19
Q

before starting empiric antiobiotic therapy for a patient with suspected endocarditis, what must you do?

A

obtain three blood cultures

20
Q

most common cause of death in mixed connective tissue disease?

A

pulmonary hypertension

21
Q

what conditions are associated with the anti-U1 antibody?

A
  • inflammatory arthritis
  • polymyositis
  • raynaud phenomenon
  • SLE
  • feature of systemic scleroscis (sclerodactyly, esophageal dysmotility)
22
Q

what BUN-to-creatinine ratio is associated with acute tubular necrosis?

A

10-15

23
Q

what kind of casts are found in acute tubular necrosis?

A

muddy brown casts

24
Q

a patient with an MI is having acute heart failure with pulmonary edema, what should they be given?

A

IV furosemide

25
Q

a patient with an MI is having acute heart failure with unstable bradycardia, what should they be given?

A

IV atropine

26
Q

a patient with an MI is having acute heart failure with persistant severe pain, what should they be given?

A

IV morphine

27
Q

what are the pyramidal tracts?

A

part of the UMN system: consists of the corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts

28
Q

what is pronator drift a sign of?

A

upper motor neuron (pyramidal/corticospinal) lesion

29
Q

auer rods are seen in which cancer?

A

acute promyelocytic anemia (AML)

30
Q

what chromosome abnormality is associated with acute promyelocytic anemia (AML)?

A

15:17 mutation (retionoic acid receptor)

31
Q

why is acute promyelocytic anemia considered a medical emergency?

A

-theres a very high risk of pulmonary/cerebrovascular haemorrhage due to tumour consumptive coagulopathy

32
Q

treatment of acute promyelocytic anemia?

A

all-trans-retinoic-acid

33
Q

MOA of amiloride?

A

blocks eNAC in the collecting duct

34
Q

most common causes of an acute, unilateral lymphadenitis?

A

S. aureus and S. pyogenes

35
Q

avascular necrosis is a common complication of which disease?

A

sickle cell disease

36
Q

every patient with marfans should undergo which investgiation?

A

echocardiography

37
Q

how does CMV diarrhea present?

A

frequent, small volume stools that are often bloody

38
Q

at what CD4 count does CMV diarrhea occur?

A

<50

39
Q

at what CD4 count are patients are risk for cryptosporidium?

A

<180

40
Q

trastuzumab MOA

A

antibody against HER2

41
Q

which organ may trastuzumab cause toxicity to?

A

the heart -> heart failure

42
Q

what investigation should patients undergo prior to trastuzumab therapy?

A

echocardiography to establish baseline cardiac function

43
Q

adverse effect of bleomycin

A

pulmonary fibrosis

44
Q

polyarteritis nodosa is associated with which underlying conditions?

A

hep B/C

45
Q

how is the diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa made

A

tissue biopsy (no markers in blood)

46
Q

QUINSY aka

A

peritonsillar abscess

step 2 uworld (57 decks)

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