april 28 Flashcards
location of a thyroglossal duct cyst?
midline
a thyroglossal duct cyst moves with…
swallowing or tongue protrusion
a thyroglossal duct cyst often presents..
after an upper respiratory tract infection
location of a dermoid cyst?
midline
what is a dermoid cyst?
trapped epithelial debris along embyological fusion planes
does a dermoid cyst move with tongue protrusion?
no
location of a branchial cleft cyst?
lateral (anterior to SCM)
presentation of reactive adenopathy?
- lateral, firm, tender nodules
- usually multiple
presentation of mycobacterium avium lymphadenitis?
- necrotic lymph node
- violaceous discolour of the skin
- frequent fistula formation
location of cystic hygroma?
posterior
what is a cystic hygroma?
dilated lymph vessels
presentaiton of surgical septal perforation?
a poster operative whistle from the nose (usually because a hematoma formed from the perforation)
presentation of nasal furunculosis?
pain, tenderness, and erythema
cause of nasal furunculosis?
arises from staphylococcal folliculitis from noise picking or nasal hair plucking
why is nasal fununculosis potentially life threatning?
it can spread to the cavernous sinus
CNVIII is comprised of which nerves?
cochlear and vestibular nerves
what is a vestibular schwanoma?
benign tumour of CNVIII schwan cells
presentation of vestibular schwanoma?
- sensorineural hearing loss
- balance problems
- loss of sensation/motor
eustachian tube dysfunction results in ____ hearing loss
conductive
what is sympathetic ophthalmia?
an autoimmune condition that occurs when t cells become sensitised to previously sequestered eye antigens
pathophys of sympathetic opthalmia?
-trauma may cause self antigens (which are previously separated from the immune system) to be released into the lymphatic system. T cells amount an immune response and attack both eyes
clinical features of perilymphatic fistula?
- progressive sensorineural hearing loss
- episodic vertigo with nystagmus
what triggers episodic vertigo with a perilymphatic fistula?
pressure changes in the inner ear
you can do a loud clap and see nystagmus
what may cause a perilymphatic fistula?
head trauma / barotrauma
