april 28

Question 1

location of a thyroglossal duct cyst?

Answer 1

midline

Question 2

a thyroglossal duct cyst moves with…

Answer 2

swallowing or tongue protrusion

Question 3

a thyroglossal duct cyst often presents..

Answer 3

after an upper respiratory tract infection

Question 4

location of a dermoid cyst?

Answer 4

midline

Question 5

what is a dermoid cyst?

Answer 5

trapped epithelial debris along embyological fusion planes

Question 6

does a dermoid cyst move with tongue protrusion?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

location of a branchial cleft cyst?

Answer 7

lateral (anterior to SCM)

Question 8

presentation of reactive adenopathy?

Answer 8

• lateral, firm, tender nodules

- usually multiple

Question 9

presentation of mycobacterium avium lymphadenitis?

Answer 9

• necrotic lymph node
• violaceous discolour of the skin
• frequent fistula formation

Question 10

location of cystic hygroma?

Answer 10

posterior

Question 11

what is a cystic hygroma?

Answer 11

dilated lymph vessels

Question 12

presentaiton of surgical septal perforation?

Answer 12

a poster operative whistle from the nose (usually because a hematoma formed from the perforation)

Question 13

presentation of nasal furunculosis?

Answer 13

pain, tenderness, and erythema

Question 14

cause of nasal furunculosis?

Answer 14

arises from staphylococcal folliculitis from noise picking or nasal hair plucking

Question 15

why is nasal fununculosis potentially life threatning?

Answer 15

it can spread to the cavernous sinus

Question 16

CNVIII is comprised of which nerves?

Answer 16

cochlear and vestibular nerves

Question 17

what is a vestibular schwanoma?

Answer 17

benign tumour of CNVIII schwan cells

Question 18

presentation of vestibular schwanoma?

Answer 18

• sensorineural hearing loss
• balance problems
• loss of sensation/motor

Question 19

eustachian tube dysfunction results in ____ hearing loss

Answer 19

conductive

Question 20

what is sympathetic ophthalmia?

Answer 20

an autoimmune condition that occurs when t cells become sensitised to previously sequestered eye antigens

Question 21

pathophys of sympathetic opthalmia?

Answer 21

-trauma may cause self antigens (which are previously separated from the immune system) to be released into the lymphatic system. T cells amount an immune response and attack both eyes

Question 22

clinical features of perilymphatic fistula?

Answer 22

• progressive sensorineural hearing loss

- episodic vertigo with nystagmus

Question 23

what triggers episodic vertigo with a perilymphatic fistula?

Answer 23

pressure changes in the inner ear

you can do a loud clap and see nystagmus

Question 24

what may cause a perilymphatic fistula?

Answer 24

head trauma / barotrauma