april 21 Flashcards
topical/systemic glucocorticoids may raise…
intraocular pressure -> open angle glaucoma
Patients with steroid induced glaucoma may present with..
central blurriness due to edema of the cornea
what is acalculous cholecystitis?
acute inflammation of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones
who more commonly gets acalculous cholecystitis?
hospitalized patients who are critically ill - esp with recent surgery/severe trauma/prolonged fasting, etc.
acute cholecystitis is caused by…
obstruction leading to infection
may a patient with acalculous cholecystitis have a normal alk phos?
yes
may a patient with acute cholecystitis have a normla alk phos?
no
how does the leg appear in a patient with posterior hip dislocation?
shortened and internally rotated - often held in flexion and adduction
how does the leg appear in a patient with femoral neck fracture?
shortened and externally rotated
the patellar tendon is actually a
ligament
inheritance of otosclerosis?
autosomal dominant w incomplete penetrance
presentation of otosclerosis?
-progressive conductive hearing loss
-paradoxical improvement of hearing in noising envionrments
+- reddish hue behind the tympanic membrane
management of otosclerosis?
- amplification (hearing aids)
- surgery (stapes reconstruction)
path of otosclerosis?
imbalance of bone resorption and growth -> stiffness and fixation of the ossicle chain (primarily the stapes)
pancreatic exocrine fluid is rich in….
bicarbonate
Post pancreatic surgery a drain is in and you suspect an exocrine fluid leak into the drain. The patient is at risk of becoming…
acidotic
what kind of acidosis is caused by a pancreatic fluid leak?
non anion gap metabolic acidosis
what test diagnoses thoracic aortic injury?
CT angiography of the chest
can you use transthoracic echo to diagnos a traumatic aortic injury?
no - aorta too far away
what is flail chest?
when multiple rib fractures result in a segment of the chest wall moving paradoxically during ins/expiration
which blood abnormality is common in toxic shock syndrome?
thrombocytopenia
findings of central cord syndrome?
- sensory disturbance in upper extremities
- sometimes disruption of lateral spinal tracts -> loss of motor function
what kind of bone lesion is seen with a giant cell tumour?
lytic
where do giant cell tumours most commonly occur?
epiphysis of long bones
