feb 28

Question 1

a newborn baby has abdominal distention, poor urine output, resp distress and wieght gain. What is on the differential?

Answer 1

Posterior urethral valves

Question 2

why may a newborn wiht posterior urethral valves have respiratory distress?

Answer 2

Impaired urinary excretion in utero -> oligohydramnios -> lung hypoplasia

Question 3

does a sacral dimple with an intact base require follow-up?

Answer 3

No - normal finding

Question 4

facial angiofibromas is characteristic of…

Answer 4

tuberous sclerosis

Question 5

management of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in a newborn (congenital dacryostenosis)

Answer 5

• lacrimal duct massage several times a day to promote spontaneous resolution
• if it doesnt open on its own it may need surgical correction

Question 6

presentatino of physiologic genu valgum?

Answer 6

• knees go together

- usually asymptomatic

Question 7

is it common for both hips to be affected in slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

Answer 7

yes - may be bilaterally, or occur in the other hip in the future

Question 8

physical exam findings of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

Answer 8

• waddling gait
• feet pointed laterally due to limited internal rotation
• external rotation of the thigh during hip flexion

Question 9

when does gonoccocal infection of the eye present in the newborn?

Answer 9

days 2-5

Question 10

what is buprenorphine?

Answer 10

an opioid agonist used to treat withdrawal

Question 11

benzodiazapene MOA

Answer 11

bind GABA-A and increase inhibitory effects

Question 12

do all patients with a DVT get thrombolytic therapy?

Answer 12

No - only used in unstable patients or those with SEVERE swelling - otherwise give anticoagulants

Question 13

features of cushing syndrome?

Answer 13

• painless muscle weakness (proximal)
• weight gain
• bone loss
• hypertension
• hirsutism

Question 14

most common cause of pediatric stroke?

Answer 14

sickle cell disease

Question 15

what type of reaction is food protein-induced allergic proctalitis?

Answer 15

non-igE mediated allergic reaction

Question 16

where are tumours from metastasis usually found in the brain?

Answer 16

the grey-white matter junction

Question 17

what is the most common complication of idiopathic intracranial hypertension?

Answer 17

blindness

Question 18

what cause of infective endocarditis is associated with nosocomial UTIs?

Answer 18

enterococcus

Question 19

MRI findings in creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Answer 19

hyperintesnity of the cerebral cortex, putamen and head of the caudate

Question 20

what is the normal form of hemoglobin?

Answer 20

hbA (two alpha, two beta chains)

Question 21

what types of hemoglobin are found in beta thalasemia major?

Answer 21

hemoglobin A2, hemoglobin F

Question 22

treatment of pertussis?

Answer 22

macrolides

Question 23

MRI findings of an HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder?

Answer 23

ventricular enlargement with diffuse white matter changes

Question 24

what is a common infectious cause of constrictive pericarditis in developing countries?

Answer 24

tuberculosis

Question 25

A patient wiht mono-like symptoms has a negative heterophile test… they may have?

Answer 25

CMV

Question 26

treatment of CMV mononucleoisis

Answer 26

will resolve on its own but can be given antivirals to speed recovery

Question 27

treatment of catscratch disease?

Answer 27

bartonella heneslae

Question 28

a patient has severe cancer related pain. Pain management method?

Answer 28

-start with short acting opioids to determine if they cause releif / the patient tolerates them, then transition to long-acting (patches)

Question 29

how long is the mininum someone must rest after concussion?

Answer 29

24 hours - then gradual progression in activities