mar 14 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a common time of day for a medication overuse headache to occur?

A

early upon wakening

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2
Q

what are the DERMATOLOGIC clinical features of a cholesterol embolism?

A

livedo reticularis, ulcers, gangrene, blue toe syndrome

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3
Q

what are the RENAL clinical features of a cholesterol embolism?

A

acute or subacute kidney injury

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4
Q

what are CNS complications of a cholesterol embolism?

A

stroke, amaurosis fugax

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5
Q

what are GI features of a cholesterol embolism?

A

intestinal ischemia, pancreatitis

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6
Q

what are the lab findings in someone who has a cholesterol embolism?

A

elevated creatinine, eosinophilia, hypocomplementiemia

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7
Q

what will the findings be on renal biopsy in fat embolism

A

biconvex, needle shaped clefts within an occluded vessel

-perivascular inflammation with eosinophils

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8
Q

how is the urinalysis in a patient with cholesterol embolism?

A

usually benign - may be eosinophils

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9
Q

urinalysis findings after contrast induced nephropathy?

A

muddy-brown granular and epithelial cell casts

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10
Q

dense deposit disease =

A

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

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11
Q

path of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

A

igG antibodies directed towards the alternative complement pathway react with the C3 convertase, leading to persistant complement activation

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12
Q

why may bounding pulses be seen in septic patients

A

they have vasodilation but increased cardiac index (in the early phases)

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13
Q

what is aplastic crisis?

A

a transient arrest of erythropoeisis, that may occur secondarily to infection in a patient with sickle cell

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14
Q

lab findings in aplastic crisis?

A

anemia with low reticulocyte count

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15
Q

are WBC and platelet counts normal in aplastic crisis?

A

yes

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16
Q

are WBC and platelet counts normal in aplastic anemia?

A

no - pancytopenia is more likely

17
Q

what is ketorlac?

A

and NSAID

18
Q

can you give a patient in acute pain with a previous opioid addiction opioids?

A

yes - dont undertreat their pain

19
Q

management of alopecia areata?

A

mild/mod: topical or intralesional steroids

extensive: topical immunotherapy, oral corticosteroids

20
Q

what is triamcinolone?

A

a corticosteroid

21
Q

is osgood schlatter disease common in adults?

A

NO - adolescents

22
Q

presentation of patellofemoral pain syndrome?

A

Chronic, poorly localised anterior knee pain

  • atrophy/weakness of quads or hip abductors
  • possible malalignment can be seen
23
Q

what causes croup

A

parainfluenza virus

24
Q

what causes bronchiolitis

A

RSV

25
Q

do clonic jerks during a syncopial episode mean it was a seizure?

A

NO - can occur during any type of syncope that leads to hypoxemia

26
Q

do symptoms of strep throat resolve on their own?

A

yes - after about a week