AMBOSS practice exam Flashcards
what immunodeficiency is associated with hypoplastic or absent tonsils?
X-linked agammaglobulinemia
how do you diagnose beckers or duchennes muscular dystrophy?
genetic analysis
inheritance of beckers muscular dystrophy?
X-linked recessive
inheritance of duchennes muscular dystrophy?
X-linked recessive
what is the tensilon test used for?
to diagnose myasthenia gravis
prognosis of laryngomalacia?
resolves by 2 years of age in most children as cartilage strengthens
how to diagnose laryngomalacia?
flexible bronchoscopy
which patients with laryngomalacia need surgery?
only patients with severe symptoms - severe hypoxemia, apnea, pulmonary hypertension, failure to thrive
do combined OCPs decrease the risk of breast cancer?
no
do combined OCPs decrease the risk of endometrial cancer?
yes
Glaucoma and left bundle branch block are contraindications to which type of antidepressants?
TCAs
how long do you have to have delusions for to have delusional disorder?
> 1 month
synthetic cathinones AKA
bath salts
ethyl glucoronide is a metabolite of…
ethanol (alcohol)
is a chalazion tender?
no
is a hordeolum tender?
yes
hordeolum AKA
stye
what is a hordeolum?
inflammation of a meibomiam gland
generalized exfoliative dermatitis usually occurs as a…
drug reaction
pseudogout is associated with which medical condition
hyperparathyroidism
what finding would be seen with needle electromyography in a patient with ALS?
spontaneous fasciculation potentials in multiple muscles
periodic sharp wave complexes on electroencephalography are characteristics of …
creutzfield jakob disease
which is associated with fewer infections, intermittent catheterization or an indwelling catheter?
intermittent catheterization
treatment of fibromyalgia?
low dose tricyclic antidepressants
chronic muscle pain, morning stiffness, fatigue and unrefreshing sleep, tender points =
fibromyalgia
is the ESR elevated with fibromyalgia?
no
is the ESR elevated with polymyalgia rheumatica?
YESSS
leukocytoclastic vasculitis =
henoch-schlonlein purpura
visceral granulomas may be seen in which neonatal infection?
listeriosis
when is flu season in the southern hemisphere?
May-October
how often should colonoscopy be done in a patient older than 50 years?
every 10 years
do you give calcium replacement ot all patients with acute pancreatitis?
no - only patients with symptomatic hypocalcemia/prolonged QT
most common form of esophageal atresia?
esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula to the distal esophagus
pathophys of rickets?
defective growth plate mineralization due to vit D deficiency
what are the two most common pathogens that cause burn wound infections?
staph and pseudomonas
are the ovaries present in mullerian agenesis?
yes
capillary wire looping is seen in…
diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
splitting of the basement membrane is seen in…
alport syndrome
what is the first line treatment for cholestasis of pregnancy?
ursodeoxycholic acid
presentation of luteoma?
-usually asymptomatic but can present with virilization
what cells are luteomas formed from?
androgen-producing lutein cells
managemet of a luteoma?
expectant management and observation
are luteomas malignant?
no
how to diagnose multiple myeloma?
bone marrow biopsy
avascular necrosis results in infarction of which part of the bone?
trabecular bone
xray findings in advanced avascular necrosis?
subchondral lucency, sclerosis, joint space narrowing
what xray findings does dactilytis cause?
moth eaten appearance of the bones
what are the criteria for brain death?
coma, absence of brain stem reflexes, positive apnea test
complication of meconium aspiration syndrome?
persistant pulmonary hypertension
