mar 9

Question 1

does C perfringens cause watery or bloody diarrhea?

Answer 1

watery

Question 2

does rotavirus cause bloody diarrhea?

Answer 2

no - watery

Question 3

does shigella cause bloody diarrhea?

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

what are the criteria for extubation?

Answer 4

• ph > 7.25
• adequate oxygenation in minimal support (pO2 > 60)
• intact inspiratory effort and sufficient mental alertness

Question 5

if somenoe has an urticarial reaction during transfusion, what should you do?

Answer 5

• stop tranfusion
• give antihistamines
• if no symptoms of anaphylaxis = just an urticarial reaction -> continue transfusion

Question 6

what accumulatins in the neurons in parkinsons disease?

Answer 6

alpha synuclein

Question 7

patients with peutz-jeghers syndrom are at increased risk for…

Answer 7

GI, breast and genital cancers

Question 8

which is more specific for a cardiovascular cause of ascities, hepatomegaly or positive hepatojugular reflux?

Answer 8

postive hepatojugular reflux - reflects hearts inability to accomodate increased venous return

Question 9

most common cause of CF-related pneumonia in a child?

Answer 9

staph aureus

Question 10

most common cause of CF-related pneumonia in an adult?

Answer 10

pseudomonas

Question 11

what is prune belly syndrome?

Answer 11

A condition where a baby is born without abdominal muscles - >intestines are seen under skin and look like a prune

Question 12

what are the types of impetigo?

Answer 12

bullous and non-bullous

Question 13

treatment of bullous impetigo?

Answer 13

oral antibiotics

Question 14

what causes herpangina?

Answer 14

coxacki virus

Question 15

presentation of herpangina?

Answer 15

• fever
• pharyngitis
• gray vesicles/ulcers on oropharynx

Question 16

treatment of herpangina?

Answer 16

supportive

Question 17

the ovaries make ___ whereas the adrenal gland makes _____ (which androgen)

Answer 17

DHEA, DHEAS

Question 18

what are the most common comorbid conditions that go along with tourette syndrome?

Answer 18

ADHD and OCD

Question 19

branching, filamentous rods that are partially acid-fast =

Answer 19

nocardia

Question 20

treatment of nocardia

Answer 20

TMP-SMX and drainage of abscesses

Question 21

acid fast negative hyphae (non-filamentous) =

Answer 21

aspergillosis

Question 22

do sensitivity and specificity change with disease prevalance?

Answer 22

NOOOOOOOO

Question 23

do PPV and NPV change with disease prevalence?

Answer 23

YESSS

Question 24

the greater the prevalance, the greater the…

Answer 24

PPV

Question 25

as prevalance decreases, ___ increases

Answer 25

NPV

Question 26

inheritance of chronic granulomatous disease?

Answer 26

X linked

Question 27

what causes the low T3 in euthyroid sick syndrome?

Answer 27

decreased peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

Question 28

what factors decrease peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 in euthryoid sick syndrome?

Answer 28

high endogenous cortisol, starvation, and some medications (glucocorticoids)

Question 29

hormone findings in early/mild euthyroid sick syndrome?

Answer 29

• low T3
• normal T4
• normal TSH
• increased reverse T3

Question 30

hormone findings in severe/prolonged euthyroid sick syndrome?

Answer 30

• low T3
• low T4
• low TSH
• increased reverse T3

Question 31

does malignancy cause a transudative or exudative effusion in the lungs?

Answer 31

exudative

Question 32

treatment of fat embolism…

Answer 32

supportive