mar 9 Flashcards
does C perfringens cause watery or bloody diarrhea?
watery
does rotavirus cause bloody diarrhea?
no - watery
does shigella cause bloody diarrhea?
yes
what are the criteria for extubation?
- ph > 7.25
- adequate oxygenation in minimal support (pO2 > 60)
- intact inspiratory effort and sufficient mental alertness
if somenoe has an urticarial reaction during transfusion, what should you do?
- stop tranfusion
- give antihistamines
- if no symptoms of anaphylaxis = just an urticarial reaction -> continue transfusion
what accumulatins in the neurons in parkinsons disease?
alpha synuclein
patients with peutz-jeghers syndrom are at increased risk for…
GI, breast and genital cancers
which is more specific for a cardiovascular cause of ascities, hepatomegaly or positive hepatojugular reflux?
postive hepatojugular reflux - reflects hearts inability to accomodate increased venous return
most common cause of CF-related pneumonia in a child?
staph aureus
most common cause of CF-related pneumonia in an adult?
pseudomonas
what is prune belly syndrome?
A condition where a baby is born without abdominal muscles - >intestines are seen under skin and look like a prune
what are the types of impetigo?
bullous and non-bullous
treatment of bullous impetigo?
oral antibiotics
what causes herpangina?
coxacki virus
presentation of herpangina?
- fever
- pharyngitis
- gray vesicles/ulcers on oropharynx
treatment of herpangina?
supportive
the ovaries make ___ whereas the adrenal gland makes _____ (which androgen)
DHEA, DHEAS
what are the most common comorbid conditions that go along with tourette syndrome?
ADHD and OCD
branching, filamentous rods that are partially acid-fast =
nocardia
treatment of nocardia
TMP-SMX and drainage of abscesses
acid fast negative hyphae (non-filamentous) =
aspergillosis
do sensitivity and specificity change with disease prevalance?
NOOOOOOOO
do PPV and NPV change with disease prevalence?
YESSS
the greater the prevalance, the greater the…
PPV
as prevalance decreases, ___ increases
NPV
inheritance of chronic granulomatous disease?
X linked
what causes the low T3 in euthyroid sick syndrome?
decreased peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
what factors decrease peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 in euthryoid sick syndrome?
high endogenous cortisol, starvation, and some medications (glucocorticoids)
hormone findings in early/mild euthyroid sick syndrome?
- low T3
- normal T4
- normal TSH
- increased reverse T3
hormone findings in severe/prolonged euthyroid sick syndrome?
- low T3
- low T4
- low TSH
- increased reverse T3
does malignancy cause a transudative or exudative effusion in the lungs?
exudative
treatment of fat embolism…
supportive
