may 27 Flashcards

1
Q

At what pH is the use of bicarbonate replacement indicated?

A

<7.2

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2
Q

which two cancers are associated with elevated alpha fetal protein?

A

HCC and testicular cancer

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3
Q

what markers are elevated in cholangiocarcinoma?

A

CA-19-9 and CEA

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4
Q

How do you confirm the diagnosis of bladder rupture?

A

retrograde cystography

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5
Q

can you provide enteral feeding after abdominal surgery?

A

yes - this may have benefits such as maintaining gut integrity, preventing atrophy of gut and mucosa associated lymph tissue, etc.

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6
Q

risk factors for sigmoid volvulus?

A

chronic constipiation, colonic dysmotility

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7
Q

what are indications for surgical decompression of a cerebellar hemorahge?

A
  • signs of neurologic deterioration (coma, obtundation, progressive lethargy)
  • radiologic evidence of >3cm bleed, brainstem compression, obstructive hydrocephalus
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8
Q

which type of drugs can help treat priapism?

A

sympathomimetics (phenylephrine)

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9
Q

diagnosis of acute diverticulitis?

A

abdominal CT with contrast

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10
Q

what is physiologic anemia of infancy?

A

increased tissue oxygenation at birth which leads to down-regulation of erythropoetin

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11
Q

when does physiologic anemia typically occur?

A

2-3 months of age

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12
Q

management of physiologicaal anemia of infancy?

A

reassurance - will resolve as EPO increases

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13
Q

cause of ecthyma gangrenosum?

A

pseudomonas auruginosa

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14
Q

which patients get ecthyma gangrenosum?

A

those with systemic infection

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15
Q

clinical features of pyoderma grangrenosum?

A

-starts with small papule/pustule, rapidly progressive with purulent base

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16
Q

which conditions are associated with pyoderma gangrenosum?

A

inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, malignancy

17
Q

tranexamic acid MOA?

A

antifibrinolytic therapy

18
Q

does a perianal abscess present with fever?

A

yes

19
Q

does pilonodal disease present with fever?

A

no

20
Q

risk factor for cecum volvulus?

A

congenital mobile cecum (mesentary fails to fuse with parietal peritoneum)

21
Q

what causes a hytadid cyst?

A

echinococcus granulosus

22
Q

eggshell calcification of a liver cyst is suggestive of…

A

a hytadid cyst from echinococccus granulosus

23
Q

may a simple hepatic cyst be calcified?

A

NO

24
Q

can a lung infection cause mild hyponatremia?

A

YES

25
Q

what is the preferred IV fluid for burn victims?

A

lactated ringer solution

26
Q

why is lactated ringer solution useful burn victims?

A

helps buffer acidosis from burns because of metabolite that is changed into bicarb