april 16 Flashcards
Characteristics of patellofemoral syndrome
- poorly localized anterior pain
- pain with squatting
- common in runners/women
Characteristics of illiotibial band syndrome
- Poorly localized lateral pain
- tenderness at lateral femoral epicondyle with flexion/extension
- common in runners/cyclists
Characteristics of pes anserine bursitis
- highly localized medial pain
- point tendernes at pes anserine bursa
- common with osteoarthritis/DM
Patellar tendinopathy characteristics
- Localized pain in the inferior patella
- tenderness at insertion site
- common in jumping sports
Prepatellar bursitis characteristics
- Anterior knee bogginess and tenderness
- common in people who work on their kness
Prepatellar bursistis may get a secondary infection with…
Staph aureus
XRAY findings in someone with post-op ileus
uniformly dilated bowel loops
XRAY findings in someone with small bowel obstruction
- discrete transition point with proximal bowel being dilated
- air fluid levels
Sounds in SBO?
hyperactive or absent
Sounds in post op ileus?
decreased or absent
management of post op ileus?
bowel rest and serial examinations
prevertebral calcifications on XRAY may be a sign of…
abdominal aortic aneurysm
A patient with suspect AAA is hemodynamically stable. Next step?
CT/MRI abdomen
why does zollinger ellison syndrome cause fat malabsoprtion?
the excess acid causes inactivation of pancreatic enzymes
Risk factors for a rectus sheath hematoma?
- abdominal trauma, forceful contractions (coughing)
- older female
- anticoagulation
clinical features of rectus sheath hematoma?
- acute onset abdominal pain with palpable mass
- blood loss anemia/leukocytosis
- nausea, vomiting, fever
rectus sheath hematoma usually occurs due to rupture of which artery?
inferior epigastric artery
what is torus palatinus?
Benign bony growth on hard palate
brown recluse spider bites are usually initially…
painless
clinical presentation of someone with a brown recluse spider bite?
- small papule that self resolves
- OR burning pain -> blister -> eschar/necrosis
managment of a brown recluse spider bite
- cleanse wound/apply ice
- NO surgical debridement until wound has stopped growing
- supportive managmeent
acromioclavicular joint sprain most commonly occurs when excess force is applied to…
the superior/lateral shoulder
adduction of the arm compresses which joint?
the acromioclavicular joint
AC joint sprain = pain with…
ADDUCTION
rotator cuff tear or tendinopathy = pain with…
ABDuction
prognosis of cervical radiculopathy?
gradual resolution over time for most patients
management of cervical radiculopathy?
NSAIDs and avoidance of provocative maneuvers
-oral glucocorticoids for severe pain
management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
- antifibrotic therapy
- smoking cessation
- oxygen/pulmonary rehab
- lung transplant
subpleural honeycombing + reticular opacities =
pulmonary fibrosis
how is the arm held in posterior shoulder dislocation?
adducted and internally rotated
how does the patient hold their arm if they have an anterior shoulder dislocation?
abducted and externally rotated
thyroglobulin is the precursor to…
active thyroid hormones
what causes hypercalcemia of immobalization?
increased osteoclast bone resorption
how can you treat hypercalcemia of immobalization?
bisphosphonates
does acute rhabdomyolisis cause hypercalcemia?
no - hyPOcalcemia
why does rhabdomyolosis cause hypocalcemia?
calcium and phosphorous are precipitated in damaged muscle tissue
when may hypercalcemia occur with rhabdomylosis?
during the recovery phase
