Thoracic Outlet Syndrome CAT Flashcards
1
Q
What is thoracic outlet syndrome?
A
- Describes a group of disorders
- Presents w/ symptoms secondary to neurovascular compression of fibers of the brachial plexus
2
Q
Where does the neurovascular compression of TOS occur?
A
- B/t the points of the interscalene triangle and the inferior border of the axilla
- Can also occur as the nerves and blood vessels pass over the first rib
3
Q
Contributing factors for TOS
A
- Presence of a cervical rib
- Abnormal first rib
- Postural deviations or changes
- Body composition
- Chronic hyperabduction of the arm
- Degenerative disorders
- Elongated cervical transverse process
4
Q
Clinical presentation for TOS
A
- Diffuse pain in the arm (most often at night)
- Parasthesias in the fibers and UE
- Weakness and muscle wasting
- Poor posture
- Edema
- Discoloration
5
Q
How does involvement of the upper plexus affect clinical presentation?
A
- Pain may be reported in the neck and radiate into the face
- Pain may go into the lateral aspect of the forearm into the hand
6
Q
How does involvement of the lower plexus affect clinical presentation?
A
- Pain in the back of the neck and shoulder
- Pain will radiate over the ulnar distribution of the hand
7
Q
Aggravating factors for TOS
A
- Poor posture
- Lifting activities
- OH movement
8
Q
Labs/imaging for TOS
A
- X-ray will ID cervical rib or bony abnormality
- Nerve conduction for neuropathy
- Otherwise diagnosis is symptom-based
9
Q
Demographics for TOS
A
- 30-40 y/o
- Female > male
10
Q
Medical management of TOS
A
- Conservative management first, surgery to follow if it fails
11
Q
PT management of TOS
A
- Pain management
- Posture
- Breathing patterns
- Strengthening
- Joint mobs
- Stretching
12
Q
Timeline for TOS
A
4-8 weeks
