Pressure Ulcer CAT Flashcards
1
Q
What causes a pressure ulcer?
A
- Ischemia secondary to unrelieved pressure to an area of skin
- Ischemia leads to cell death and tissue necrosis
2
Q
How is unrelieved pressure defined?
A
> 32 mmHg of pressure to an area for 2+ hours
3
Q
Contributing factors to pressure ulcers
A
- Immobility
- Impaired cognition
- Poor nutrition
- Altered sensation
- Incontinence
- Decreased lean body mass
- Infection
4
Q
Clinical presentation for pressure ulcers
A
- Wound over bony prominence (greater trochanter, ischium, sacrum, heel)
5
Q
Stages for pressure ulcers
A
Stage 1-4
6
Q
Stage 1 pressure ulcer
A
Nonblanchable erythema of intact skin
7
Q
Stage 2 pressure ulcer
A
Partial thickness wound involving epidermis, dermis, or both
8
Q
Stage 3 pressure ulcer
A
Ulcer that has extended into subcutaneous tissue, but not through fascia
9
Q
Stage 4 pressure ulcer
A
- Ulcer that extends through the fascia and deeper
- Full thickness wound
10
Q
Management of pressure ulcers
A
- Pressure reduction (seat cushions, boots, specialized mattress)
- Pharm to fight infection
- Wound dressings
- Mobility and positioning training
- Exercise program
11
Q
Best bed positioning to prevent shear and friction
A
<45 degrees
