Peripheral Vascular Disease CAT Flashcards
1
Q
What is PVD?
A
- Narrowing of blood vessels, which reduces bloodflow
- Usually secondary to atherosclerosis
2
Q
What is the ultimate culmination of the atherosclerotic process?
A
Significant or complete occlusion of medium and large arteries
3
Q
Primary risk factor for PVD
A
Atherosclerosis
4
Q
Other risk factors for PVD
A
- Phlebitis
- Injury or surgery
- Autoimmune disease
- Diabetes mellitus
- Smoking
- Hyperlipidemia
- Inactivity
- Hypertension
- Positive family history
- Increased age
- Obesity
5
Q
Clinical presentation for PVD
A
Early stages
- Intermittent claudication (symptom onset after walking a certain distance, relieved by rest; LEs buckling after exertion)
Later/advanced stages
- N/T in affected extremities
- Pain at rest/during sleep
- Slowed healing
- Changes in skin color
- Decrease in skin temp
- Absence of hair on one extremity
- Weak/absent pulse
6
Q
Labs or imaging w/ PVD
A
- Blood tests
- Ultrasound for flow status
- ABI
7
Q
ABI
A
Ratio of SBP of LE/UE
8
Q
Other tests for PVD
A
- Rubor of dependency
- Transcutaneous oximetry
- Treadmill exercise tests
9
Q
Pharmacological management of PVD
A
- Anticoagulants (i.e. heparin)
- Antiplatelet agents
- Thrombolytics
10
Q
Physical therapy for PVD
A
- Walking program initially (walk until symptom onset, rest and repeat; goal is to increase duration of walking)
- Non-WB exercises
- Resistance exercises introduced after 4-6 weeks
