The Survival and Spread of Lutheranism 1521-55 Flashcards
What did Charles do at the Diet of Worms 1521 about Lutheranism?
Announced his desire to get rid of Lutheranism. He issued the edict to banish/outlaw Luther.
Did Charles deliver on his promise he made at the Diet?
Nopeee like at all.
How is the size an scale of the HRE a factor in him not achiveing?
Charles had to rely on German princes to implement his desires and some were Lutherans themselves.
How is conflicting priorities a factor in him not achieving?
Controlling Netherland and Spain who had issues themselves and external threats from the Ottoman Empire, rivalry with France (Francis I) all make his situation harder and he had a lot on his plate and more immediate dire issues (L- Long term). It was hard for him.
How much did Charles visit German states and why was it a factor?
Rarely visited G states in 1520s-30s as there was a lack of desire to fulfil his promise (he maybe realised he was out of his depths and didn’t want himself to look a fool or cause civil war- couldn’t afford to). 1/4 of his 36yr reign spend within HRE lands.
Was his tactics flawed?
Yes, he relied too much on pressing the CC to call a church ‘general council’ to resolve Lutheran criticisms- pope resisted until 1545- too late.
What was his naïve and far fetched belief? What did he do and why was it unhelpful?
Believed that C and L could be reconciled. Lack of understanding of the doctrine differences- Charles alienated GC and L princes with ideas of religious compromises?
What was his three main uncalculated tactics to contain Lutheranism?
- Reliance on the German princes to enforce the Edict.
- Asking the Pope to call a church ‘general council’ to tackle the worst criticisms made by Luther and his followers.
- Negotiate religious doctrine compromises between bot branches, to end the ‘schism’
(the formal separation of a Church into two Churches or the secession of a group owing to doctrinal and other differences).
When was the 1st Diet of Speyer and the Recess of Speyer?
1526
When was the 2nd Diet of Speyer and the Recess revoked?
1529
When was the Colloquy (agreement) of Regenburg?
1541
Why were the three events important and SHEET.
3 key events illustrate the failure of Charles negotiations to enforce Edict of Worms and stop Lutheranism spreading- 1521-1541.
READ THE SUMMARY OF KEY MEETINGS TIMELINE.
:)
Was Frederick the Wise important?
Majorly (look in sheet and folder for extra info).
Who were the other 3 important princes within the HRE that converted to Lutheranism?
Albrecht if Hohenzollern
Philip of Hesse
John ‘the Steadfast’ of Saxony- 1 of the 7 electorships for the emperor.
Why were the three princes important?
All were influential through their wealth, their status and authority in their region.
They converted to Lutheranism for a mix of religious AND political reasons.
SEE PRINCES SHEET.
:)
(Sheet as more detail) Who created the Schmalkaldic League and when?
Philip of Hesse and John of Saxony, 1530.
What was the aim of the Schmalkaldic League?
To defend their new faith against attack from Emperor Charles.
Where was the league formed and what was it?
In the town of Schmalkalden (between Saxony and Hesse), the league was a defence verbally and physically against Charles and to protect Lutherans from persecution.
Did it spread and protect Lutheranism, how?
Yes, it acted to spread Lutheranism and was prepared to defend it physically via a standing army (supplied by Hesse, Saxony and other German city or state leaders who joined the league.
Give figures for the army?
10,000 infantry, 2,000 cavalry.
Did the league present a real obstacle and to what?
Yes, to Charles attempt to stop the spread of P ideas and churches.
