The Concepts Of Health Policy And Economics Flashcards
What is health policy
Actions taken by the government bodies to attain specific healthcare goals
Include laws, regulations, guidelines, position statements and resolutions
What is the public health policy
Enforceable by governement agency responsible for implementing it
Have an effect on healthcare delivery systems, health and well being of US citizens and professional nursing issues
Major stages in policymaking
Agenda setting, government response, implementation, evaluation
What is the US DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Principal federal health agency, has 11 operating divisions and administers more grant dollars then all other federal agencies combined
What is OSHA
Tasked with ensuring health and safety in the workplace
Provides assistance to employers who must provide safe workplace, reduce or eliminate workplace hazards
What are STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES
Division or department of health and human services
Each state mandates its own health policies and regulations
What are LOCAL HEALTH DEPARTMENTS
County or city
county=responsible for regulating health issues with widespread effect
city=provides clinical, environmental, health promotion, population based services
Offers community wide disease and injury prevention programs
MULTILATERAL ORGANIZATIONS
Part of United Nations
WHO is an example
BILATERAL ORGANIZATIONS
Government agencies based in one country providing aid to developing countries
U.S Agency for International Development is an example
NONGOVERMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
NGO’s
Private voluntary organizations
Independent of any gov.
May be faith based aka project hope
JOINT COMMISSION
Independent, non profit
Sets the standards for accredits healthcare provider organizations
Includes: ambulatory care centers, behavioral healthcare providers and hospitals/long term facilities
What does accreditation by the joint commission do
Enhances consumer trust and respectability
Provides credibility with private third party payers
Helps organizations meet qualifications for medicare and medical reinbursment
What are the nurses goals in the joint commission accreditation
Develop, revise and facilitate the use of current EBP
Participate in organizations self review activities
Take part in meetings with accreditation survey team
What are Professional Associations
Define standards of practice, professional behaviors
Establish codes of ethics for members
Support nursing research
Participate in policy development at local, state and national levels
What is the INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF NURSES
Worlds oldest organization for health professionals
Represents more than 16 million nurses worldwide
Mission is to represent nursing worldwide, advance profession of nursing and influence health policy
What is the AMERICAN NURSES ASSOCIATION
Fosters high standards of nursing practice
Promotes rights of nurses in workplace
Projects a positive; realistic view of nursing
Lobbles congress, federal regulatory agencies
What is the NATIONAL STUDENT NURSES ASSOCIATION
Non profit that mentors nursing students preparing foe initial licensing
Fosters professional development of nursing students
Provides opportunities for workshop participation, networking, scholarships, career planning
What is the NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR NURSING
TO promote excellence in nursing education to build strong, diverse nursing workforce ro advance health in the US and around the world
services: professional development, student exam services, nurse educator certification and public policy networking
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGES OF NURSING
Establishes essentials; standards for educational curricula of its member nursing programs
Secures federal support for nursing education and research
Helps shape policy affecting nursing educational programs and financial assistance
Blue cross and blue shield
Earliest private insurance plans developed in 1930
Covered hospital and physical care
ACA
Affordable Act passed in 2010
Many individuals, families who would not otherwise not have had access to health insurance gained improved access to coverage
Employer sponsored plan
PRivate healthcare
Offered through employer or union
May be extended to cover spouse, dependents, domestic partners
B: Lowers premium costs, better coverage for eligible employees, employer may pay nothing
Self-employment based plans
Avaibale only to self employed
Covers only policyholder
Direct purchase plans
Individual policy
more expensive, pays premium, deductibles
Coverage is more restricted
Medicaid
Financed at the federal, state and local level
Available to lower-income individuals/families, elderly people with eligible diseases
Supplement security income
funded by general taxes
Helps aged, blind, disabled people with little or no income
Provides care for basic needs: food, clothing and housing
CHO+IP
Coverage to children under age 19 who’s families earn more than medicaid limits but cannot afford to purchase private health care coverage
Covers: routine checkups, immunizations, dental and vision care, inpatient and outpatient hospital care, lab and x-ray services
State funded healthcare
May target specific health priorities
May include: maternal and child health, smoking cessation, obesity prevention, HIV/AIDS, substance abuse and environmental health
What is the PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE
Licensing and regulation of health professionals including nurses, are the responsibility of state governments
State agency and appointed members are tasked with implementing and admin of nurse practice act
Boards have the authority to revoke licenses for unsafe practices
Medicare
Available to people age 65 and older who have worked in medicare covered employment, younger people with disabilities, people with end stage renal disease or ALS
Part A: hospital insurance
Part B: Medical insurance
Part C:Medicare advantage plans
Part D:Prescription drug coverage
