Stress and Coping

Question 1

What is stress

Answer 1

defined by Dr. Hans Syele as the bodies nonspecific response to the demands placed on it by a stressor
GAS and LAS

Question 2

What is coping

Answer 2

Being able to control or modify your response to stressors through thought and behaviors to avoid harm and restore balance
successful coping = return to homeostasis
Unsuccessful coping = range of symptoms requiring intervention

Question 3

What is stress neutral

Answer 3

Typical day to day stress, well within coping & managing

Question 4

What is challenge manageable stress

Answer 4

moderate to greater stress but with resources and coping actions person is able to reduce, eliminate or manage stress

Question 5

What is severe stress

Answer 5

Stress threat exceeds coping capacity, leads to a state of exhaustion

Question 6

Fight or flight is due ___

Answer 6

to the release of catacholaminies, epinephrine and non epinephrine

Question 7

What does fight or flight lead to

Answer 7

Increased heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, blood glucose and blood flow to muscles
Pupil dilation

Question 8

What is a physiological stressor

Answer 8

Originates as a physiological trigger and associated with injury or illness
Acute: immediate response and often intense and necessary for survival
Chronic: can lead to debilitating disease

Question 9

What is an emotional stressor

Answer 9

More common, generates state of unpleasant arousal
Acute: triggered by triggering event
Chronic: Long term associated with psychosocial stressors

Question 10

What is acute stress

Answer 10

Most common and typically occurs for a short period of time
Reaction to a real or perceived threat

Question 11

What is epidsodic acute stress

Answer 11

Self inflicted
Occurs by taking on unrealistic assessments beyond what is typical or reasonably expected

Question 12

What is chronic stress

Answer 12

Sustained, threat or pressure that wears on a person continuously
associated with a loss of hope that the situation will imporve

Question 13

What are the types of stress

Answer 13

Acute, Episodic, and Chronic

Question 14

What is cognitive appraisal

Answer 14

The process of sorting out info to derive meaning and is the underlying factor in how an individual will respond
Occurs in 2 phases

Question 15

Primary cognitive appraisal

Answer 15

1st phase
Initial evaluation for harm to self or to a loved ones wellbeing, self esteem
The first impression that occurs immediately on exposure to a stressor

Question 16

Secondary cognitive appraisal

Answer 16

2nd phase
Involves the evaluation of resources available to overcome, reduce or eliminate the stressors. selects coping response/options

Question 17

What is primary prevention

Answer 17

Focuses on preventing illness as a result of stress through effective coping for health and wellbeing

Question 18

What are the coping strategies

Answer 18

Problem focuses, emotional focused and meaning focused

Question 19

What is problem focused coping strategy

Answer 19

Generating solutions to reduce or eliminate the identified stressors

Question 20

what is emotional focused

Answer 20

Maintaining emotional control through self regulating thinking and behavior; won’t improve the situation but will make the person feel better

Question 21

What is meaning focused

Answer 21

Individual draws on values, beliefs and goals to modify personal interpretation and response to a problem
find ways to reframe or modify the persons interpretation and response

Question 22

What are some common positive coping stratagies

Answer 22

Education, social support, exercise, therapeutic lifestyle change, music therapy, Relaxation, yoga

Question 23

What is maladaptive coping

Answer 23

Ineffective coping strategy
Do not address the underlying problem
Ignores the underlying cause of the stressor and may lead to other problems

Question 24

physiological stressor

Answer 24

The body potentially harmful reaction to stimulus

Question 25

psychological stressor

Answer 25

Compromises the emotional and cognitive factors involved in the appraisal of threat

Question 26

social cultural stressor

Answer 26

When social systems are challenged by factors such as racism, economic hardship or political

Question 27

What is a stressor

Answer 27

An event or stimulus that disrupts the persons sense of equilibrium
Can be physical, mental or emotional
May be positive or negative depending on the variables

Question 28

What is distress

Answer 28

Negative stress.
Stress that is beyond the ability of the affected person to cope with or adapt to

Question 29

What is Eustress

Answer 29

Good Stress, Is associated with accomplishments & victory

Question 30

What is avoidance

Answer 30

Using both behavioral and cognitive processes to avoid a stressor

Question 31

What is approach coping

Answer 31

Confronting and trying to change the stressor by taking direct action

Question 32

What is the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Answer 32

Evoked when the stimulation or stressor is strong enough to activate the automatic nervous system of the CNS
3 stages: Alarm, resistance and exhaustion

Question 33

Describe the alarm reaction

Answer 33

Heart races, BP increases, breath is faster, fight or flight kicks in

Question 34

Describe resistance

Answer 34

When the body attempts to move toward the restoration of homeostasis while continuing to respond to the stressors. Body starts to calm down

Question 35

Describe exhaustion

Answer 35

If the body cannot maintain its adaptation to the stressor, the stressor will overwhelm the individuals ability to cope which results in the depletion of energy and resources.
the body may rebound from the stressor after a period of rest or disease will develop.

Question 36

What is a local stress response (LAS)

Answer 36

When one organ or body system reacts to stress = may produce local adaptation syndrome & manifests as inflammation, or hypoxia

Question 37

What is allostasis

Answer 37

How homeostasis is reestablished to assist the body in maintaining stability