Pharmacology & Medications

Question 1

What is pharmacal dynamics

Answer 1

What the drug is doing to our body

Question 2

What is pharmacokinetics

Answer 2

The movement of the drug in The Body

Question 3

What are the 4 components to pharmacokinetics

Answer 3

Absorption: how we want the drug to work in our body, systemically
distribution: once the drug is in the body where it go
metabolizing: drug breaks down into liver but really drug changes to another form
excretion: how the body gets rid of the medication, the kidneys

Question 4

Assessment in medication administration

Answer 4

Always check patients before and after administering medication
With hypertensive medication you always check BP before and after to see if medication is working
Make sure patient knows why they’re taking the medication, what it is for and the side effects

Question 5

What are the 5 R’s in medication & the additional ones

Answer 5

Right medication
Right patient
Right time
Right route
Right dose
additional: documentation, education, assessment, reason, response, reactions, refusal

Question 6

What are the three types of injections

Answer 6

Intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular

Question 7

What are the lengths for subcutaneous injections

Answer 7

Needle has to be 3/8 to 5/8
The volume given is no more than 1 ml
Gauge is between 25-29 g
the lower the number the bigger

Question 8

What are the lengths for intramuscular injections

Answer 8

Needle has to be 1- 1 1/2 inches, if they have a bigger arm you use the 1 1/2
The volume given is between 1- 3 mL
The gauge is between 21 - 23 but can range from 18-25

Question 9

What are the safety concepts about medication

Answer 9

Knowing information of the drug, action and purpose
Knowing the safe dosage to administer
Knowing the proper administration technique
Knowing the drug to drug interactions
Knowing the nursing implications
Knowing the precautions before administration, allergies

Question 10

What does contra indicated mean

Answer 10

Why you shouldn’t take a medication due to harm that can be caused

Question 11

Abbreviations:
PO NPO SL PC OOB STAT PRN

Answer 11

By mouth, nothing by mouth, sublingual under the tongue, after meal, out of bed, now, as needed

Question 12

Abbreviations:
Q8 hours Q6 BID TID QID Q15min Q24HR

Answer 12

Every 8 hours, every 6 hours, 2 times a day, 3 times a day, 4 times a day, vitals every 15 minutes, daily

Question 13

What are the routes of medication

Answer 13

PO=oral
Respiratory=inhalera
Entro=GI
transdermal=Patch
Feren=IV’s, IM

Question 14

What is hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 14

diuretic, enhances excretion: make you pee more
decreases BV
S.E=Hypertension, respiratory distress, pulmonary Adema, hyperglycemia, pancreatitis

Question 15

What is Losatran

Answer 15

Antihypertensive, acts as a vasoconstrictor
used for hypertension, taken by mouth
S.E= chest pain, fatigue, hypotension

Question 16

What is Captopril

Answer 16

Antihypertensive, lowers blood pressure: used for hypertension, heart failure
S.E= tachycardia, angio-edema, hypersensitivity

Question 17

What is Metoprolol

Answer 17

Anti-hypertensive, beta blocker, manages hypertension and treats angia
S.E= complete heart block, cardiac arrest, laryngeal spasm

Question 18

What is Nifedipine

Answer 18

anti-hypertensive, calcium blocker, increases cardiac output
Do not give with grapefruit juice, cannot be crushed must be swallowed whole
S.E= hypotension, hepatotoxicity