Medication Administration Flashcards
What is a drug
Substance that positively or negatively alters physiologic function
Define the chemical name in medication
molecular structure
ex: 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid
I Define the official name in medication
describes the elements of the medication’s molecular structure, same as chemical
Define the generic name in medication
Name used for the drug
that helps identify the drug class
ibuprofen
ex:beta blockers are drugs that are prescribed for cardiac conditions; their generic names frequently end in -olol: propranolol, metoprolol, labetalol
Define the trade name in medication
brand name, is a registered name made by the drug manufacturer
ex:Motrin, Advil, Nuprin
Pure food and drug act of 1906
official authorities that can establish drug standards
U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Responsible for enforcing medication legislation and that all medications undergo safety testing
Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
1970
Consists if 5 categories of scheduled drugs, 1,2 are highly addictive
Regulates the handling and distributing of controlled substances
Drug Enforcement Administration
Responsible for monitoring complicate of drugs
Nurse Practice Act
Defines the functions and professional responsibilities of nurses
Health care facilities cannot modify or expand the nurse practice act
Describe the therapeutic effect in Pharmacokinetics
How to achieve and how effectiveness is influenced
Is the desired result or action of a medication
Gives therapeutic effect
Effect is influenced by medication dose, routes and frequency of administration, and age
Pharmacokinetics main 4 steps/functions
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Pharmacodynamics: Onset of action
time the body takes to respond to a drug
Pharmacodynamics: Half-life
Time it takes for drug to measure one half of the original dose
Pharmacodynamics: Peak plasma level
Highest serum concnetraion
Pharmacodynamics: Trough
Lowest serum concentration
Define side effects
predictable
may be minor and harmless, or they may cause patient injury
Define adverse effects
severe, unexpected, unwanted, and often unpredictable drug reactions
stop immediately
Define toxic effects
medication overdose or the buildup of medication in the blood
can lead to serious physiologic effects that may be lethal:respiratory depression
Define allergic reactions
unpredictable immune responses to medications
Define anaphylactic reaction
severe allergic reaction, can be fatal
Define idiosyncratic reaction
rare/strange reaction to the medication
Synergistic effect
occurs when the combined effect is greater than the effect of either substance if taken alone
Work together to achieve same result
Antagonism effect
occurs when the drug effect is decreased because of taking other substance, including herbs. Don’t mix well
What are the types of medications one can take
Nonprescription:OTC,Vitamins
Alternative: Herbals
Prescription
What are the medication order components
Patients name
Date and time
Drug name
Dosage
Drug route
Administration
Frequency
Signature
What are the types of medication orders
Routine
PRN, as needed
One time or on call
Stat
Now
What are the forms of medication
Oral: swallowed, buccal, sublingual, nasogastric
Topical: applied on skin or mucous membrane
Inhaled: through respiratory tract
Parenteral: ID, SQ,IM,IV
What are the 6 rights of medication
RIGHT:
Drug, Dose, Time, Route, Patient, Documentation
What are additional checks you’d do before administering meds
Check the prescriber order, patients allergies and medication expiration date
What is absorption
the passage of a drug from the administration site into the bloodstream
What is distribution
the process of delivering the medication to tissues and organs and ultimately to the specific site of action
What is metabolism
the process by which a drug is altered to a less active form to prepare for excretion
most takes place in the liver
excretion
removes the less active drug or its metabolites.
Most exit the body through the kidneys, but some may be excreted in feces, breath, saliva, sweat, and breast milk
