Saftey Flashcards
What are never events
Preventable hazards that should never happen to patients
-operating on wrong body part
-removing the wrong limb
-leaving a sponge in someone
What is the CDC
The center for disease control
Engages in health research, surveillance and health promotion to create safer interventions
What is the joint commission
Promotes quality and safety
Sets standard and make sure we’re doing them
What is OSHA
occupational and safety health act
Protects workers against safety hazards in the workplace. We repot accidents to them
What is the board of nursing
Enforce laws to protect the health and welfare of the public
The police of nurses. Make sure we are practicing safe.
Review offenses and decide if you can get your nursing license back
What is safety
Refers to decreasing the risk of danger,preventing accidents, injuries, mistakes or harm
What is quality
Refers to a level of performance consistent with evidence that increases effectiveness of a desired outcome
What Information is on the never events
Pressure injuries or falls, what to do to avoid complications, how to notice something is wrong, how to talk with the physician, when to notify a nurse for help, and how to ask appropriate questions
What is a three-pronged approach
First prong is promoting a safety culture that encourages all employees to make safe choices and what they do and how they do it
Second prong is the involvement in sustainability of healthcare employees to consistently choose to follow health safety rules and standards for the environment, patient care and to be safety advocate for others
The last prong is encouraging patients to be actively engaged in every aspect of their care: asking questions about the quality and safety precautions, medication administered, and other care provided to them
What are the concepts related to safety & how can you uphold them
Accountability: Report unsafe nursing practices
advocacy: nurses must support and uphold the rights of patients
assessment: continuously collect and interpret patient data
clinical decision making: prioritize patient’s needs & assess risk factors for ability to perform activities
evidence-based practice: evidence that provides the best practice for safety and quality patient centered care
quality improvement: resolve safety concerns, ensure medication administration is safe and accurate, and follow safety guidelines
What should you observe when observing and interviewing a patient
First and for most identify physical, psychological and emotional needs.
When interviewing asses:
Their ability to
Communicate & provide self care
Any:
cognitive, memory, visual and sensory deficits
Mobility restrictions
Nutritional issues
Always check If they have a colostomy, foley or catheter
What are some practices patients can do to promote health and safety
Physical exercise, taking medications as prescribed, maintaining good sleep habits, refraining from smoking and avoiding secondhand smoke, keeping up-to-date with health screenings, wearing sunscreen, staining a healthy diet and weight
What are some independent interventions you should perform to prevent injury, accidents and infections
Standard precautions, latex precautions, chemical exposures, spoiled food, wet spills and surfaces
What are the 4 acute changes you should always look for when assessing a patient
Cognitive, Physical, Functional and Behavioral changes
Always use your eyes, ears and nose!
Cognitive change
Change in memory or mode, confusion, or decreased level of consciousness
Physical changes
Changes in skin color, vital signs, oxygen saturation or onset of pain
Functional changes
Slurred speech, numbness or weakness in extremity respiratory or mobility changes
Behavioral changes
hallucinating, depression, disorientation
What are standard precautions
Proper hygiene, use of PPE, managing contaminated surfaces, proper disposal of soiled items
Why should you perform latex precautions
Because common items such as blood pressure cuffs, gloves, bandages, syringes and catheters can contain latex which can trigger allergic reactions that can become severe
Why should you perform chemical exposure precautions
Chemical exposure can be caused from cleaning supplies and disinfectants which can cause hazards
What are some nurse injuries
Pinched nerves, herniated disks, sprains, strains, tears, carpal tunnel syndrome and back and neck injuries
What are some safe patents handling and transfers
Methods used to lift, reposition or transfer a patient
Include: height adjustable beds, Hoyer lifts, anti-friction devises and bed trasnsfer aid slide-boards
What are some ways you can promote medication saftey
Carry a list of medications, take medications as prescribes, use a pill organizer, assess the patient for the need for assistance taking medications and assess patient for difficulty opening bottles or reading labels
What is SBAR
Method used to report information from one shift to another or from one department to another
Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendations
SBAR: S
Situation
Patient name, age and code status
SBAR: B
Background
Admitting date, diagnosis and allergies
SBAR: A
Assessment
lungs, heart Iv sites, and tubed
SBAR: R
Recommendation
treatments, and transfer unit
What are adverse drug events
Injuries that result from medication
occur anywhere throughout the medication administration process, starting when medication’s are prescribed and ending when patients receive them
What are some of the highest risk requiring special attention in medication
opioids, insulins, anticoagulants and sedatives
What are the rights of medications administration
Right assessment
Right drug
Right dose
Right patient
Right route
Right time
Right documentation
What medication teachings can you provide the patient with
Naming the function of the medication, the dosage, common side effects, adverse reactions to watch for and what to do and the drug interactions, food and disease process
What is safety culture
A blame free environment
A feeling of shared attitudes, values, and practices and beliefs that result in behaviors and responsibilities for safety in all daily routines
What is QSEN
Quality safety education for nurses!
Nursing competencies: knowledge, skills and attitudes that prepare nursing students with practical experience to provide effective care
What is Elder abuse
Intentional harmful actions by caregivers or family members that inflict harm on an older adult. This includes failure to provide safety or meet basic needs
What is financial exploitation
The deliberate misuse of funds, theft and coercion
What are some safety improvements in the home setting
Installing handrails, grab bars in the bathroom easy grip door handles water faucet cabinets
Designing wider hallways and doorways for walkers and wheelchairs
Removing scatter rugs and adding non-slip padding
Ensuring a bell or way to call for help is easily accessible Providing adequate lighting
using raised toilet seats
ensuring that fire in disaster plans are available
What is HAI
Healthcare associated infections
Including: C-Diff: deadly diarrea
MRSA: Staphyloccocus aureus, on skin, perenial and naris, direct contact precautions
VRE:move from its location to wrong location during surgery. contact precautions
Are drug resistant
What are chemical restraints
Sedatives, hypnotics, and anti-anxiety medicationa
What are physical restraints
Vests, hand mitts, or tying patients arms or legs to limit mobility
The use of 4 side rails is also considered a restraint
What is seclusion
Confining a patient to their room and preventing them from leaving
What must there be in order to use a restraint
An order written by a physician or APRN
What are other alternatives to restrains
family members at bedside, bed/chair alarm, distraction, calming voice, reorientation or covering/disguising tubing so it is not pulled out
To avoid causing harm to patients what must be implemented
Assessing patient every 2 hours for circulation, skin condition and patients response to the restrains
Repositioning the patient to provide range of motion exercises
Documentation of restrains and patients condition
Offering toilet, food and fluids
What are procedure related error
A break in sterile technique when a foley catheter can result in a catheter associated UTI
What are unintentional injuries
Falls, drawings, MVA, poisonings and suffocation
What are intentional injuries
Deliberate acts of violence or abuse that have fatal consequences: homicide or suicide
What are preventable errors
Procedure related errors and patient falls
The cost for treatments is not covered by medicare or medicate because they are preventable!!
