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Microbiology > STREPTOCOCCUS > Flashcards

STREPTOCOCCUS Flashcards

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1
Q

catalase (-)
alpha hemolytic
optochin sensitive

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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2
Q

catalase (-)
alpha hemolytic
optochin resistant

A

Viridans streptococci

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3
Q

catalase (-)
beta hemolytic
bacitracin sensitive

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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4
Q

catalase (-)
beta hemolytic
bacitracin resistant

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

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5
Q

catalase (-)

gamma hemolytic

A

group D streptococci

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6
Q

Produces SCARLET FEVER

A

Erythrogenic toxin

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7
Q

Highly antigenic

Causes AB formation

A

Streptolysin O (oxygen labile)

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8
Q

Superantigen similar to TSST

A

Pyrogenic Exotoxin A

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9
Q

Protease that rapidly destroys tissue

A

Exotoxin B

Responsible for necrotizing fasciitis

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10
Q

Document antecedent PHARYNGITIS

A

anti-streptolysin (ASO)

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11
Q

Document antecedent SKIN INFECTIONS

A

anti-DNAse B

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12
Q

Antibodies decrease efficacy of streptokinase in managing MI

A

anti-streptokinase

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13
Q

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Impetigo contagiosa
Erysipelas - superficial
Cellulitis - facilitated by HYALURONIDASE (spreading factor)
Necrotizing fasciitis - facilitated by exotoxin B; Fournier’s gangrene

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14
Q

MC bacterial cause of sore throat

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

inflammation, exudate, fever, leukocytosis and tender CLAD

PYOGENIC COMPLICATIONS: peritonsillar and retropharyngeal (Quincy) abscess, otitis, sinusitis, meningitis

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15
Q

Due to ERYTHROGENIC TOXIN

fever, strawberry tongue, centrifugal rash (sandpaper like), PASTIA LINES, desquamation

A

Scarlet Fever

-postpharyngitic

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16
Q

Similar but milder than S. aureus

Due to PYROGENIC EXOTOXIN A

RECOGNIZABLE SITE of pyogenic inflammation

blood cultures (+)

A

Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

17
Q

Cross reacting antibodies to M proteins and antigens of joint, heart and brain tissue

A

Acute Rheumatic Fever
-postpharyngitic

JONES CRITERIA

  • pancarditis
  • erythema marginatum
  • chorea (sydenham)
  • carditis (pancarditis)
  • subcutaneous nodules
18
Q

M protein incites immune complex deposition on the GBM

hypertension, periorbital edema, HEMATURIA

A

Glomerulonephritis

-post impetigo (M12 type) or postpharyngitic

19
Q

8/M presents w/ fever, migrating joint pains in the knees and elbows, has raised erythematous serpentine-like lesions on his back

Patients clinical presentation is most likely due to which pathophysiology mechanism?

A

Cross-reaction of antibodies to bacterial antigens w/ self antigens leading to cytotoxicity

20
Q

MCC of NEONATAL pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococci)

PREDISPOSING FACTORS:

  • intrapartum fever T>38 C
  • PROM (>18h)
  • vaginal colonization
  • complement deficiency
21
Q

All pregnant women should be screened for GBS colonization at

A

35-37 weeks AOG

chemoprophylaxis - IV Penicillin or Ampicillin 4 hrs prior to delivery

22
Q

Major cause of ADULT PNEUMONIA

MCC of otitis media

MCC of ADULT MENINGITIS

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

  • lancet shaped
  • encapsulated
23
Q

Quellung reaction

A

Capsular Antigen Swelling Test

POSITIVE
-(+) capsular swelling when mixed with a small amt of antiserum and methylene blue

24
Q

Pathogenesis (Streptococcus pneumoniae)

A

CAPSULE - retards phagocytosis

IgA PROTEASE - for colonization

C-SUBSTANCE - reacts w/ CRP

25
Q

Responsible for the formation of DENTAL CARIES

A

S. mutans - can produce BIOFILM

26
Q

Responsible for SUBACUTE BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS (SBE)

MCC of subacute and native valve endocarditis

A

S. sanguis

27
Q

Responsible for BRAIN ABSCESSES

A

S. intermedius

28
Q

Pathogenesis (Viridans streptococci)

A

glycocalyx enhances adhesion to DAMAGED HEART VALVES

protected from host defenses w/n VEGETATIONS

29
Q

While testing various strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, a researcher discovers that a certain strain of this bacteria is unable to cause disease in mice when deposited in their lungs. What physiological test would most likely to deviate from normal in this strain of bacteria as opposed to a typical strain?

A

Quellung Reaction

30
Q

34/M, heroin user, presents w/ a 3 day hx of fever T>39, chest pain, “pinching” in character, nausea, vomiting. Troponins are low. CKMB negative. ECG shows sinus tachycardia. Blood culture on 2 sites were positive. Past History: Tricuspid valve repair in 2003. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Acute Endocarditis

ER na ER ang itsurahan

Subacute Endorcarditis

  • gradual progression
  • ndi pang ER baks
31
Q

Hydrolyzes esculin in bile-esculin agar (BEA)

positive PYR test

A

Group D Streptococci

E. faecalis - can GROW in 6.5% NaCl
S. bovis - CANNOT grow in 6.5% NaCl

32
Q

Infective Endocarditis

A

Enterococcus faecalis

PREDISPOSITION:
GIT surgery

33
Q

Marantic Endocarditis

-sterile form of endocarditis

A

Streptococcus bovis

-risk factor in developing CANCER

34
Q

Cefalexin may be useful to treat which infection

a. Enterococcal endocarditis
b. Listeria meningitis
c. MRSA pneumonia
d. Hidradenitis suppurativa
e. All of the above

A

Hidradenitis suppurativa

NONE of the Cephalosporins are active against the ff:

Enterococci
Listeria monocytogenes
MRSA

35
Q

34/M, heroin user, presents w/ a 3 day hx of fever T>39, chest pain, “pinching” in character, nausea, vomiting. Emergency appendectomy was done. Troponins are low. CKMB negative. ECG shows sinus tachycardia. Blood culture on 2 sites were positive. (+) bacterial vegetations on tricuspid area are seen in TEE. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Enterococcus spp

36
Q

34/M, heroin user, presents w/ sudden onset of fever T>39, vague abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Emergency laparotomy was done. Diagnosis of COLON CANCER was noted. Troponins are low. CKMB negative. ECG shows sinus tachycardia. Blood culture on 2 sites were positive. (+) STERILE vegetations on tricuspid area are seen in TEE. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Streptococcus bovis

Microbiology (106 decks)

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