SPIROCHETES Flashcards
coiled spirochete
CANNOT be cultured in vitro - lacks Krebs cycle
MICROAEROPHILIC
Treponema pallidum
PRIMARY SYPHILIS
PAINLESS chancre
highly INFECTIOUS, heals spontaneously in 3-6 wks
SECONDARY SYPHILIS
palmar rash
lymphadenopathy
CONDYLOMA LATA
occurs after 1-3 mos
TERTIARY SYPHILIS
occurs years after inoculation
NEUROSYPHILIS
- asymptomatic
- meningovascular
- tabes dorsalis
- general paresis
- Argyll-Robertson pupil/Prostitute pupil
- dementia paralytica
AORTITIS
- aneurysms
- aortic regurgitation
GUMMAS
- hepar lobatum
- skin, bone others
CONGENITAL SYPHILIS
snuffles/saddle nose
mulberry molars
HUTCHINSON TRIAD: Hutchinson teeth, deafness, keratitis
saber shins
rhagades (angle of mouth)
HIGOUMENAKIS SIGN (clavicle) - unilateral enlargement of the sternoclavicular portion of the clavicle
CLUTTON’S JOINTS (SYNOVITIS)
PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE
MOST SPECIFIC test. when an active chancre or condyloma latum is predent
DARK FIELD MICROSCOPY
Nontreponemal
used for SCREENING
cardiolipin, cholesterol and purified lecithin
VDRL
RPR
decreased sensitivity in EARLY PRIMARY SYPHILIS and LATE SYPHILIS
for MONITORING TREATMENT
Treponemal Specific
EIA
TPHA
FTA-ABS
used to confirm the diagnosis in px w/ positive VDRL/RPR
higher sensitivity/specificity
FOREVER POSITIVE
FALSE POSITIVE VDRL RESULTS
Virus
Drugs (marijuana)
Rheumatic fever, RA
Lupus, Leprosy
Influenza like symptoms few hours after receiving penicillin d.t. lysis of treponemes
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
FALSE POSITIVE (FTA-ABS)
Lupus
Lyme Disease
MOST SPECIFIC, EARLIEST POSITIVE, REMAINS POSITIVE LONGEST
FTA-ABS
31/M, treated w/ Pen G in a case of Syphilis. On day 2 of treatment he had fever, chills, tachycardia, hypotensive and profuse sweating. What do you call this condition?
A. anaphylaxis
B. tachyphylaxis
c. Stevens-Johnson
D. Jarisch- Herxheimer
D. Jarisch-Herxheimer
T. pallidum pallidum
Venereal syphilis
T. pallidum pertenue
Yaws