SPORE FORMING GRAM POSITIVE RODS Flashcards
Bacterial Spore Position
CENTRAL
Bacillus anthracis
Bacterial Spore Position
TERMINAL
Clostridium tetani
Bacterial Spore Position
SUBTERMINAL
Clostridium botulinum
Only bacteria w/ AMINO ACID CAPSULE (D-glutamic acid)
Bacillus anthracis
McFadyean Reaction
polychrome methylene blue – capsule appear PINK
body appear DARK BLUE
Bacillus anthracis
ANTHRAX
CUTANEOUS
- exotoxin causes localized tissue necrosis
- eschar formation w/ edema
RESPIRATORY
- woolsorter’s disease
- PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE - cause of death
- hemorrhagic mediastinitis - WIDENED MEDIASTINUM
GI
- rare but fatal
- ingestion of infected meat
Calmodulin dependent adenylate cyclase
Edema Factor (EF)
INHIBITS signal transduction in cell division
Lethal Factor (LF)
Mediates the ENTRY of the other 2 components into cell
Protective antigen (PA)
Direct epidermal contact w/ spores causes formation of a MALIGNANT PUSTULE w/ subsequent eschar and central necrosis
Cutaneous Anthrax
Inhaled spores from animals (Woolsorter’s disease) or from weaponized preparations (bioterrorism)
PROLONGED LATENT PERIOD
MASSIVELY ENLARGED MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODES, pulmonary hemorrhage, meningeal symptoms
Inhalational Anthrax
Ingestion of live spores leads to UGI ulceration, edema and sepsis
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
DOC for cutaneous anthrax
CIPROFLOXACIN
DOC for inhalational anthrax
CIPROFLOXACIN or DOXYCYCLINE w/ one or 2 additional
antibiotics
Drug used for anthrax
Raxibacumab - binds w/ PA
The heat resistance of bacterial spores such as those of B. anthracis is due in part to their dehydrated state and in part to the presence of large amounts which of the ff sign?
Calcium dipicolinate
MCC of death is PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE in the ff:
anthrax (pulmonary) aka woolsorter’s disease
leptospirosis, severe (Weil’s syndrome)
congenital syphilis
similar to enterotoxin of cholera and LT from E. coli
causes ADP-RIBOSYLATION INCREASING cAMP
causes DIARRHEA
Bacillus cereus
ENTEROTOXINS
heat LABILE
Staphylococcal-like enterotoxin function as SUPERANTIGEN
causes EMESIS
Bacillus cereus
ENTEROTOXINS
heat STABLE
RICE - SUKA