Bacteria Generalities

Question 1

Gram Negative Components

Answer 1

Peptidoglycan - thinner
LPS (endotoxin)
Periplasmic space

Question 2

Component of Gram (-) Bacteria Cell Wall

Answer 2

Lipid A - induces TNF and IL 1; structure - beta-hydroxymyristic acid

Core oligosaccharide

O polysaccharide

Question 3

Gram Positive Components

Answer 3

Peptidoglycan - thicker

Question 4

All bacteria is composed of peptidoglycan EXCEPT

Answer 4

Mycoplasma

Question 5

All gram (+) have NO endotoxin EXCEPT

Answer 5

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 6

Lysozymes are enzymes that kill bacteria by cleaving

Answer 6

B 1-4 glycosidic bond b/w NAG and NAM

Question 7

Gram Staining

Answer 7

V - Violet
I - Iodine
A - Alcohol/Acetone
S - Safranin

Question 8

Bacteria NOT seen in Gram stain

Answer 8

Mycobacteria
Spirochetes
Mycoplasma spp
Ureaplasma spp
Legionella spp
Chlamydiae
Rickettsiae
Bartonella, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia

Question 9

Essential Components of Bacteria

Answer 9

Cell wall
Cytoplasmic membrane
Ribosome
Nucleoid
Mesosome
Periplasm

Question 10

Non Essential Components of Bacteria

Answer 10

Capsule
Pilus or Fimbria
Glycocalyx
Flagellum
Spore
Plasmid
Granule

Question 11

All bacterial capsules are composed of polysaccharide EXCEPT

Answer 11

Bacillus anthracis (polypeptide of D-glutamate)

Question 12

Obligate Aerobes

Answer 12

Nocardia
Neisseria
Pseudomonas
Mycobacteria
Bordetella/Brucella/B. cereus
Legionella

Question 13

Obligate Anaerobes

Answer 13

Clostridium
Bacteroides
Fusobacterium
Actinomyces

Question 14

DNA transfer between cells

Answer 14

Conjugation
Transduction
Transformation
Transposition

Question 15

All exotoxins are HEAT labile EXCEPT

Answer 15

Staphylococcal enterotoxin