Intestinal Nematodes - NECATOR AMERICANUS AND ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE

Question 1

Hookworm

Miner’s anemka, tunnel disease, Wakana disease, Brickmaker anemia, Egyptian chlorosis

BLOOD SUCKING NEMATODES

Answer 1

Necator americanus
Ancyclostoma duodenale

• SMALL intestine
• skin penetration by FILARIFORM LARVA (L3)

Question 2

Diagnostic test for hookworms

Answer 2

Direct Fecal Smear
Kato-Katz technique
Harada-Mori culture

eggs in feces

Question 3

Pathogenesis of Hookworm

Answer 3

loss of blood at site of attachment in the S.I - major damage

blood is consumed by the worm and oozes from the site in response to an ANTICOAGULANT made by the worm

Question 4

CUTANEOUS PHASE

Answer 4

penetration of L3 to the skin

GROUND ITCH

CUTANEOUS LARVA MIGRANS (creeping eruption)
*serpiginous; red inflammation

Question 5

LUNG PHASE

Answer 5

lung migration of L3 (no devt)

simple lung eosinophilia (Loeffler’s syndrome)

Question 6

INTESTINAL PHASE

Answer 6

L3 – L5

up to 200 mL of blood may be lost per day

IDA - MICROCYTIC, HYPOCHROMIC anemia – weakness and pallor

PROTEIN MALNUTRITION (hypoalbuminemia)

Question 7

Treatment for hookworm infection

Answer 7

Albendazole