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Histology > Skin Part 3 > Flashcards

Skin Part 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

sebaceous glands

A

alveolar, holocrine glands, consisting of branched acini

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2
Q

what is secreted in sebaceous glands?

A

entire cell

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3
Q

how many glands associated with each hair follicle in sebaceous glands?

A

one or more

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4
Q

how do sebaceous glands develop?

A

as outgrowths of external root sheath

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5
Q

what do sebaceous glands secrete? via?

A

oily sebum via pilosebaceous canal

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6
Q

what is sebum high in? (2)

A

lipid content and cell debris

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7
Q

what is sebum used for? (3)

A

waterproofing, moisturizing skin & hair

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8
Q

where are sebaceous glands also found?

A

non-haired transitional skin

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9
Q

where do sebaceous glands on non-haired transitional skin secrete?

A

secrete directly onto skin surface

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10
Q

Seborrhea is

A

excessive secretion of sebum

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11
Q

each hair follicle & associated arrector pili M & sebaceous gland =

A

pilosebaceous unit

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12
Q

Sweat glands

A

simple, coiled, tubular glands, surrounded by myoepithelial cells

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13
Q

sweat glands assist in

A

assist in secretion

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14
Q

2 types of sweat glands

A

merocrine/eccrine

apocrine

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15
Q

Merocrine (= eccrine)

A

sweat glands—by definition, secrete only product

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16
Q

where are merocrine glands in the human body?

A

In humans, distributed over most of body surface, except lips & genitalia

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17
Q

morphology of merocrine glands, what type of ducts?

A

Unbranched, coiled, tubular glands with 1-2 layers of cuboidal to columnar epithelium with excretory ducts

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18
Q

Secrete sweat onto skin surface via — —on epidermal ridge

A

sweat pore

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19
Q

Sweat contains a hypotonic solution of (4)

A

salts, ammonia, urea, uric acid

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20
Q

sweat glands are Important in thermoregulation for

A

evaporative cooling

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21
Q

Body loses average of ~600 ml/day due to evaporation from (3)

A

lungs, skin, & mucous membranes

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22
Q

thermoregulatory sweating is — (parasympathetic)

A

cholinergic

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23
Q 
First occurs in (3)
last on (2)
A

axillae, forehead, scalp

hands & feet

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24
Q

emotional sweating is — (sympathetic) & begins on (2)

A

adrenergic

palms & soles

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25
Alternative explanation:
sweat glands innervated by sympathetic, but cholinergic Nn—Don’t use adrenaline (exception to rule)
26
apocrine sweat glands secrete
product along with some cytoplasm
27
apocrine sweat gland morphology
Coiled, tubular glands with large dilatedlumina
28
apocrine glands are located in (2)
axillae, groin
29
when do apocrine glands develop?
at puberty
30
type of apocrine cells
Secretory, cuboidal epithelium, 2-3 cell layers thick, surround large glandular lumen
31
Apocrine glands discharge thick, viscid secretions into
hair follicle
32
what do apocrine gland secretions contain (5)
Contain proteins, carbohydrates, ammonia, lipids, & organic products
33
Odorless when secreted, but bacterial breakdown results in
acrid odor
34
apocrine glands in mammals serves as
sexual attractant, pheromone
35
what are pheromones used in? (2)
scent marking, territoriality
36
Secretion in apocrine glands is ---
adrenergic
37
Ceruminous (wax) glands in external auditory meatus (ear canal) are modified
apocrine glands
38
Secretion produced is
cerumen (ear wax)
39
Mammary glands develop along
paired epidermal ridges
40
paired epidermal ridges in mammary glands
mammary ridges or milk lines
41
mammary ridges or milk lines extend from
axillae to groin
42
In humans, only first pair of glands along --- --- develops
milk line
43
Highly modified apocrine sweat glands; identical in male & female until
puberty
44
In female, develop under influence of (2)
pituitary & ovarian hormones
45
following pregnancy, produce
milk to feed young
46
At menopause, cause (2)
atrophy & involute
47
Inactiveglands composed mainly of
dense, irregular, collagenous connective tissue, interspersed with adipose tissue & occasional smooth M.
48
Tubulo-acinar glands organized into
secretory lobules
49
mammary glands are drained by
terminal ducts
50
terminal ducts drain into larger --- --- which empty into --- --- in region of nipple
lactiferous ducts | lactiferous sinus
51
Pigmented region of epidermis surrounding nipple is
areola
52
areola cell type
stratified squamous epithelium with deep dermal ridges
53
mammary glands/areola contains numerous --- ---, including (2)
areolar glands | merocrine sweat & sebaceous glands
54
During lactation, mammary glands enlarge due to (2)
hypertrophy of secretory cells & accumulation of secretory product
55
First few days after birth, secrete
colostrum
56
colostrum
alkaline, yellowish secretion, with high protein & salt content, low lipid & carbohydrate
57
colostrum contains large amounts of
antibodies
58
antibodies are important in transfer of
passive immunity to offspring
59
Milk production is both
merocrine & apocrine
60
Protein sec is 1’ ---; | lipid fraction is 1’ ---
merocrine | apocrine
61
Meissner’s corpuscles
mechanoreceptors/ touch receptors in dermal ridges of papillary layer
62
Meissner’s corpuscles are especially prominent in (4)
hands, feet, lips, genitalia
63
Meissner’s corpuscles structure
Cylindrical structures ~ 150 um long
64
Afferent N fibers associated with minimally modified
Schwann cells
65
Pacinian corpuscles
mechanoreceptors located in dermis & hypodermis
66
Pacinian corpuscles structure
Large, ovoid structures (> 1 mm)
67
Pacinian corpuscles are prominent in (2) to detect (2)
fingertips & around joints | mechanical & vibratory pressure
68
Pacinian corpuscles consist of
afferent N fibers surrounded by highly modified Schwann cells—form concentric lamellae separated by fluid-filled spaces
69
Ruffinicorpuscles
small dermal mechanoreceptors
70
Ruffini corpuscles are especially common in
soles of feet
71
"free” N endings—most numerous, present in (2) surround most
epidermis & papillary dermis—surround most hair follicles
72
Ruffini corpuscles lack ((2)
connective tissue capsule & associated Schwann cells
73
Serve multiple sensory modalities—(4)
heat/cold, touch, pain, movement
74
Merkel cells
epidermal cells derived from neural crest
75
Merkel cells look like
melanocytes
76
where are merkel cells located?
stratum basale
77
what do merkel cells contain?
dense core granules
78
Pressure sensitive mechanoreceptors, associated with
free afferent N endings

Histology (32 decks)

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