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Histology > Oral Cavity and Tooth Development > Flashcards

Oral Cavity and Tooth Development Flashcards

1
Q

the oral cavity is bounded by (superior, inferior, anterior/lateral, posterior)

A

hard & soft palate superiorly;
tongue & floor of mouth inferiorly;
teeth (dental arcade) anterior & lateral;
oropharynx posterior

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2
Q

vestibule

A

area enclosed between

lips & teeth

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3
Q

vermillion border

A

ransitional
zone between external haired skin
& internal oral mucosa

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4
Q

Color derived from

A

highly vascular
dermis & thin, overlying keratinized
epidermis

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5
Q

what do lips lack (2)

A

sweat and sebaceous glands

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6
Q

lips are highly sensitive due to

A

rich sensory innervation

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7
Q

oral cavity is responsible for (3)

A

ingestion
fragmentation
moistening of food

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8
Q

mastication involves (3)

A

cutting, chewing and grinding of food by occlusal surfaces of teeth

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9
Q

Assisted by lips, tongue, & salivary glands results in

A

bolus for swallowing (deglutition)

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10
Q

Oral cavity also involved in (4)

A

speech
facial expression
sensory perception
respiration

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11
Q

Lining mucosa

A 
non-
keratinized mucosa found on 
inner cheeks, floor of mouth, 
inferior surface of tongue & 
soft palate
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12
Q

what does lining mucosa lack?

A

stratum corner

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13
Q

where is masticatory mucosa present

A

in areas of high
abrasion

e.g., gingiva (gums)
& hard palate

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14
Q

cell type of masticatory mucosa

A 
Keratinizedor parakeratinized
(cells of stratum corneum do 
not lose nuclei)
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15
Q

specialized mucosa of tongue is restricted to

A

dorsal surface of the tongue

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16
Q

specialized mucosa is

A

keratinized

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17
Q

tongue

A

Muscular organ composed of

interlacing skeletal Mm fibers

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18
Q

tongue is specialized for (2)

A

manipulation of food and sensation of taste

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19
Q

where are accessory salivary glands scattered throughout the tongue musculature?

A

within lamina propria and between mm layers

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20
Q

which crania nerves is the tongue innervated by? (5)

A
  • V (general sensation anteriorto sulcus terminalis)
  • VII (taste)
  • IX (general sensation & taste posteriorto sulcus terminalis)
  • X (taste; motor also?)
  • XII (motor)
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21
Q

the tongue is supported by

A

frenulum

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22
Q

frenulum

A

thin band of connective tissue anchoring tongue to the floor of the mouth

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23
Q

embryologically, anterior 2/3 of the tongue is derived from

A

ectoderm

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24
Q

posterior 1/3 of the tongue is derived from

A

pharynx (mesoderm)

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25
Q

what are the anterior and posterior portions of the tongue separated by

A

groove, sulcus terminalis

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26
Q

both the anterior and posterior surface are covered by

A

stratified squamous epithelium, keratinized in anterior 2/3

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27
Q

Filiformpapillae

A

most numerous;
keratinized, short bristles,
distributed in parallel rows

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28
Q

what do filiform papillary lack?

A

taste buds

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29
Q

filiform papillae are primarily

A

tactile

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30
Q

fungiform papillae

A

mushroom-shaped, scattered among filiform

papillae

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31
Q

do funfiform papillae contain taste buds?

A

yes located on the dorsal surface

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32
Q

foliate papillae

A

located in furrows/

ridges on lateral portion of tongue

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33
Q

where are taste buds located on foliate papillae

A

laterally on papillae

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34
Q

what are foliate papillae associated with

A

salivary glands (von ebners flands( at the base of papilla

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35
Q

— in humans, contain — in children, — with age

A

rudimentary
taste buds
degenerate

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36
Q

Circumvallate papillae

A

row of 8-

12 large, dome-shaped papillae

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37
Q

where are circumvallate papillae located?

A

immediately anterior to sulcus terminals

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38
Q

what are circumvallate papillae surrounded by?

A

moat like sulcus

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39
Q

circumvallate papillae contain large numbers of

A

taste buds laterally at about the base

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40
Q

what are circumvallate papillae axxoicated with?

A

salivary glands (von ebner’s glands) at the base of papilla

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41
Q

In humans, taste buds located on

A

papillae of tongue (except filliform)

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42
Q

Adults have from 3,000—10,000 taste
buds; past age of 45, many taste buds
—

A

degenerate

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43
Q

degeneration of taste buds are responsible or

A

changes in taste with age

44
Q

taste buds are also scattered over (3)

A

palate
pharynx
epiglottis

45
Q

oval taste buds consist of up to 20-30 spindle shaped central

A

taste cells

46
Q

taste cells are

A

gustatory cells

47
Q

taste cells contain

A

taste hairs

48
Q

Taste hairs project from surface of

cell into a central

A

taste pore

49
Q

taste hairs are covered by

A

glycoprotein coat

50
Q

taste hairs are surrounded by (2)

A

sustentacular cells

basal cells

51
Q

Taste cells continuously (2); have lifespan of ~ 10

days in most mammals

A

lost &

replaced

52
Q

taste cells associated with

A

myelinated N endings

53
Q

which cranial nerve fibers innervate taste cells (3)

A

VII, IX, & X

54
Q

Fourbasic tastes:

A

sweet, sour,

bitter, & salty

55
Q

Each taste cell contains receptors

for

A

only one taste

56
Q

Each taste cell contains receptors
for only one taste, but individual
taste buds contain

A

a mixture of taste cells

57
Q

Bitter taste receptors concentrated

on

A

circumvallate papillae

58
Q

Fifthtaste recently
discovered, also associated
with circumvallate papillae—
called

A

umami (savory)

59
Q

umami detects

A 
ertain AA’s, inc. 
glutamate, aspartate—
characteristic of asparagus, 
tomatoes, beef, cheese, and 
MSG
60
Q

recent evidence of 6th taste for

A

fat

61
Q

genetic basis for taste demonstarted through

A

PTC (phenylthiocarbamide)

62
Q

tasters=

non tasters=

A

bitter

nothing

63
Q

taste may influence

A

food preferences

64
Q

hypogeusia

A

decreased ability to detect taste

65
Q

type 1 familial dysautonomia

A

hereditary condition

total absence of taste buds

66
Q

Underlying mucosa in caudal 1/3 is mass of lymphoid tissue,

A

lingual tonsil

67
Q

lingual tonsil is similar to (2) in structure and function

A

palatine

pharyngeal

68
Q

Tonsils located in ring ~ nasopharynx; collectively referred to as

A

Waldeyer’s ring

69
Q

Waldeyer’s ring functions to protect (2)

A

respiratory & digestive tract

70
Q

Uvula

A

extension of posterior free margin of soft palate

71
Q

uvula has a central core of

A

skeletal muscle

72
Q

uvula is covered by

A

lignin mucosa

73
Q

uvula contains large numbers of

A

submucosal (palatine) glands

74
Q

uvula prevents food from…

A

entering the nasal cavity during swallowing

75
Q

where are salivary glands

A

distributed throughout submucosa of oral cavity

76
Q

3 major pairs of salivary glands

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

77
Q

parotid gland

A

(largest gland, located on cheeks) almost completely serous

78
Q

Parotid duct

A

Stenson’s duct, opens within vestibule, opposite upper 2nd molar

79
Q

Sublingual

A

(located below tongue) mostly mucous

80
Q

Submandibular

A

(located inferior & medial to ramus of mandible) mixed

81
Q

Submandibular duct

A

(= Wharton’s duct), opens at sublingual caruncle

82
Q

Numerous smaller, — glands scattered throughout oral mucosa

A

accessory

83
Q

examples of smaller, accessory glands (5)

A

lingual, labial, buccal, molar & palatine glands

84
Q

Compound (branched) tubuloacinar glands—secretory unit is —

A

acinus

85
Q

Myoepithelialcells surround

A

acini

86
Q

Myoepithelialcells surround acini—contraction aids in

A

secretion of saliva into ducts

87
Q

Acini are either (2)

A

serous or mucous

88
Q

Serous acini of mixed glands often in form of —

A

demilunes

89
Q

Intercalated ducts are lined by

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

90
Q

function of intercalated ducts (2)

A

secrete HCO3, resorb Cl

91
Q

Larger striated ducts are lined by

A

simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium

92
Q

striated ducts contain basal striations, due to

A

folding of the plasma membrane

93
Q

function of larger striated ducts (3)

A

resorb Na
secrete K into saliva
secrete lysozyme and IgA

94
Q

where do striated ducts empty

A

large excretory ducts

95
Q

what are excretory ducts lined by

A

stratified cuboidal or pseudostratified columnar epithelium

96
Q

Sympathetic stimulation inhibits aqueous

A

secretion

97
Q

Sympathetic stimulation inhibits aqueous secretion, resulting in

A

thick, viscous saliva, rich in protein (e.g., mucus)

98
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation leads to

A

copious, watery saliva

99
Q

what does saliva contain? (3)

A

water
glycoproteins
proteins

100
Q

enzymes such as (2)

A

amylase

lysozyme

101
Q

amylase

A

converts starch to sugar

102
Q

lysozyme

A

antibacterial properties

103
Q

antibodies (2)

A 
IgA
inorganic ions (C, P, Cl)
104
Q

Saliva also high in –, low –, high –

A

K
Na
bicarbonate (HCO3-)

105
Q

Average saliva production in humans ~ — ml/ day

A

600-1500

106
Q

SKIPPED

functions of saliva (6)

A
  • Moistens oral mucosa & dry food
  • Provides carrier medium for sense of taste
  • Buffering via high bicarbonate content
  • Digestion of carbohydrates via amylase
  • Immunologic function—secretion of salivary IgA
  • Control of bacterial flora
107
Q

Control of bacterial flora (3)

A
  • Proteins in saliva cover teeth with acquired pellicle
  • Contains Ab’s that prevent tooth decay
  • ↓ salivary production exacerbates tooth decay

Histology (32 decks)

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