Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

connective tissue provides

A

structural and metabolic support for other tissues and organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

connective tissue carries

A

blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

connective tissue functions in — repair

A

tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

connective tissue mediates exchange of nutrients/metabolites/waste products between

A

tissue and circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

primitive connective tissue derived from mesodermal mesenchyme contains (3)

A

stellate to spindle shaped cells, jelly like extracellular matrix and occasional fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

mature connective tissue contains (20

A

cells

extracellular material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

fibroblasts

A

pointed, elongate, spindle shaped cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

most abundant type of connective tissue cell

A

fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

fibroblasts are responsible for synthesizing and maintaining (2)

A

proteinaceous ground substance and connective tissue fibers (collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

myofibroblasts

A

fibroblasts with contractile ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

reticular cells

A

of lymph nodes and bone marrow

a type of fibroblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

reticular cells are morphologically similar to

A

primitive mesenchymal cells, look like branches fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

reticular cells synthesize

A

reticular fibers (made of reticulin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

reticular cells may also have —- function

A

phagocytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

reticular fibers are also synthesized by regular — in some tissues (in small numbers)

A

fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

adipocytes are responsible for

A

storage and metabolism of lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

adipocytes are generally large, ballon shaped, clear spaces filled with —

A

lipid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ground substance

A

extracellular organic matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what fibers are embedded within the matrix? (3)

A

collagen
reticulin
elastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how many types of collagen types are there? what are they based off of?

A

28

amino acid sequence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

most collagen have a distinct 67-68 nm — pattern

A

banding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

collagen is the principle fiber in the extracellular matrix, which provides

A

tensile strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

most abundant type of collagen

A

type 1

90% of collagen in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

type 1 collagen

A

loose and dense connective tissue of skin, tendons, ligaments, bone and fibrocartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

types of type 2 cartilage (2)

A

hyaline

elastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what types of fibers are type 3 collagen?

A

reticulin fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

reticulin fibers

A

thin, branching, net-like fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

reticulin fibers are used for structural support in

A

organs

spleen, lymph nodes, bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

reticulin fibers are produced by (2)

A

reticular cells in the lymph nodes and bone marrow and fibroblasts everywhere else

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

reticulin fibers stain

A

argyrophilic

stains black with silver stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

basement membrane is composed of type - collagen

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

type 4 collagen doesn’t form

A

fibers, it forms a meshwork

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

type 5 collagen is fond in (3)

A

cornea
placenta
demo-epidermal junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what is the best known collagenopathy?

A

ehlers-danlos syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

ehlers-danlos syndrome effects type - collagen

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

ehlers-danlos syndrome is characterized by (3)

A

hyperextension of joints
skin fragility
poor wound healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

collagen is a

A

glycoprotein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

collagen precursor proteins are produced by

A

fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

collagen is initially synthesized as

A

pro collagen, compose of three alpha polypeptide chains to form a triple helix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

collagen synthesis

A

procollagen is then packed into secretory vesicles and secreted into the ECS
followed by extracellular enzymatic modification to form tropocollagen monomers
polymerization of tropocollagen into larger bundles results in final formation of collagen microfibrils
several microfibrils combine to form larger collagen fiber, several fibers make up a collagen bundle

pro collagen, tropocollagen, collagen, collagen microfibrils, collagen fiber, collagen bundle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

elastin fibers are highly branched, their random coiling patterns allow for

A

stretching

42
Q

elastic fibers are arranged in

A

fibers and sheets

43
Q

elastic fibers are synthesized by fibroblasts as — precursor

A

tropoelastin

44
Q

tropoelastin polymerizes to form

45
Q

2 components of elastic fibers

A

elastin

fibrilin

46
Q

elastin

A

protein core similar to collagen, surrounded by microfibrils of fibrilin

47
Q

fibrilin

A

structural glycoprotein

48
Q

how are elastin fibers stains?

A

T-blue
collagen: light gray/blue
elastin fibers: darker blue

49
Q

marfans syndrome

A

autosomal dominant condition results in abnormal elastic fibers

50
Q

marfans syndrome is characterized by

A

tall stature, long limbs, thin fingers

51
Q

with marinas syndrome, you have an enlarged aorta with increased (2)

A

regurgitation

risk of developing a dissecting aneurysm

52
Q

structural glycoproteins (2)

A

fibrillin

fibroxnectin

53
Q

structural glycoproteins

A

large polypeptides with branched polysaccharide side chains

54
Q

fibroxnectin is found within the

A

basement membrane

55
Q

fibroxnectin aids in adhesion between cell membrane and ECM via adhesion molecules known as

56
Q

non-filamentous glycoproteins (3)

A

laminin
entactin
tenascin

57
Q

laminin, enacting, and tenascin are associated with

A

basement membrane and cell adhesion

58
Q

ground substance

A

amorphous, transparent material with properties of semi-fluid gel

59
Q

ground substance are long, unbranched polysaccharide chains of repeating

A

disaccharide units

60
Q

disaccharide units of ground substance: one of the subunits is always

A

an amino sugar (either n-acetyl glucosamine or galactosamine)

61
Q

glycosaminoglycan (GAG)=

A

mucopolysaccharide (MPS)

62
Q

lysosomal storage diseases

A

non-functional or insufficient lysosomal enzymes

aka. mucopolysaccharidoses

63
Q

most GAGs are

A

sulfonate

ex. chondroitin sulfate, herapan sulfate

64
Q

most GAGs are covalent bound to protein molecules to form

A

proteoglycans (mucoproteins)

65
Q

most common types of GAGs found in ECM (5)

A 
hyaluronic acid 
chondroitin sulfate 
keratan sulfate 
dermatan suflate 
heparin sulfate
66
Q

hyaluronic acid is found in most

A

connective tissue

67
Q

chondroitin sulfate is found in (2)

A

cartilage and bone

68
Q

keratan sulfate is found in (4)

A

cartilage
bone
cornea
intervertebral disk

69
Q

dermatan suflate is found in (3)

A

dermis of the skin
blood vessels
heart valves

70
Q

heparin sulfate is found in (3)

A

basement membrane
lung
liver

71
Q

GAGs don’t compact well because they are

A

large, take up space

72
Q

GAGs are – charged

A

negatively

due to sulfate and carboxyl side groups

73
Q

because GAGs are negatively charged, they are

A

hydrophilic, attract water, form a gel like substance

74
Q

ground substance is mostly made of (3)

A

GAGs (1’ hyaluronic acid)
proteoglycans
water

75
Q

incompressibility of water provides — pressure of connective tissue

76
Q

GAGs are reinforced with

A

fibrous protein

77
Q

predominant GAG is loose connective tissue

A

hyaluronic acid (hyaluronate)

78
Q

hyaluronic acid lacks

A

sulfated side groups

79
Q

hyaluronic acid are several — sugars long

A

thousand, very long

80
Q

hyaluronic acid does not form — themself, but it can bind with them

A

proteoglycans

81
Q

ground substance is an impervious barrier to

A

microorganisms (hard to swim through and penetrate)

82
Q

pathogenic bacteria produce — to destroy this barrier and facilitate their spread

A

hyaluroniase

83
Q

loose (areolar) connective tissue

A

sparse fibers and abundant ground substance

viscous, gel-like consistency

84
Q

loose connective tissue has a — function

A

supportive

85
Q

loose connective tissue is located (2)

A

beneath epithelial and around neurons and blood vessels

86
Q

dense connective tissue provides

A

structural support

abundant fibers, moderate number of cells, lesser ground substance

87
Q

two types of dense connective tissue

A

regular

irregular

88
Q

regular dense connective tissue

A

collagen fibers oriented parallel to each other
densely packed fibers and cells arranged in fascicles
(ex. ligaments, tendons, and aponeuroses)

89
Q

irregular dense connective tissue

A

collagen fibers oriented randomly

moderate number of fibers and few cells

90
Q

specialized connective tissue includes (7)

A 
bone 
blood
cartilage
adipose tissue
hematopoietic tissue
lymphatic tissue
mesenchymal CT (limited to embryo)
mucus CT (limited to embryo)
91
Q

adipose tissue contains adipocytes derived from

A

lipoblasts

92
Q

primitive mesenchyme is adapted for storing

A

fat (1’ triglycerides)

93
Q

why is fat energetically very active?

A

it has a rich blood supply

94
Q

adipose tissue functions in (3)

A

energy storage
thermoregulation
shock absorber

95
Q

white fat (unilocular) is distributed in

A

dermis and around intraperitoneal organs

96
Q

percentages of white fat in men vs women

A

20% M

25% F

97
Q

brown fat (multilocular) is highly

A

specialized

98
Q

brown fat is present in (2)

A

infants

hibernating animals

99
Q

brown fat is used in — to maintain body temperature

A

thermoregulation

100
Q

brown fat is located in — in humans

101
Q

brown fat contains large numbers of — for heat

A

mitochondria

Histology (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions