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Histology > Lymphoid Tissue Part 1 > Flashcards

Lymphoid Tissue Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

morphology of lymphoid tissue (2)

A

dense

diffuse

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2
Q

dense

A

organized into discreet structures or organs (e.g., lnn, spleen, thymus, tonsil)

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3
Q

diffuse

A

located throughout body, associated with mucous membranes

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4
Q

diffuse contains large numbers of

A

lymphocytes

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5
Q

diffuse is common in (2)

A

respiratory and digestive tracts such as MALT

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6
Q

primary lymphoid tissue

A

lymphoid tissue where b-& t-cells acquire surface receptors

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7
Q

bone marrow with - cells and thymus with - cells

A

b

t

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8
Q

Mature b-& t-cells 2’ migrate to all other lymphoid tissue, referred to as

A

2’ lymphoid tissue

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9
Q

Malignant tumors of immune system referred to as — when they involve solid organs & — when they involve blood

A

lymphomas

leukemias

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10
Q

lymphatic vessels are a network of

A

blind ended vessels in connective tissue

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11
Q

lymphatic vessels provide a route which allows

A

cells and large molecules in the ECS to reenter the bloodstream

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12
Q

lymphatic vessels assist circulation of

A

lymphocytes

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13
Q

lymphatic vessels concentrate – for elimination within lymph nodes

A

antigens

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14
Q

Lymph nodes

A

encapsulated aggregates of lymphocytes & lymphoid tissue, distributed throughout body

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15
Q

how is dense lymphatic tissue arranged?

A

in chains or clusters along vessels of lymphatic origin

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16
Q

examples of dense lymphatic tissue arranged in chains or clusters along vessels of lymphatic origin (6)

A 
submandibular 
cervical
axillary
femoral
popliteal
hailer lnn
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17
Q

4 functions of lnn

A
  • Non-specific filtering of particulate matter & microorganisms from lymph
  • Interaction of circulating lymphocytes with Ag in lymph
  • Aggregation, activation, & proliferation of b-cells with subsequent Ab production
  • Aggregation & proliferation of t-cells & induction of cytotoxic immunity
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18
Q

lymphoid cell

A

lymphocytes of all types, derived from bone marrow

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19
Q

lymphoid cells enter node via

A

bloodstream

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20
Q

immune accessory cell

A

Ag presenting cells (macrophages, b-& t-cells; originate in

bone marrow)

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21
Q

follicular dendritic cells

A

macrophage at periphery of germinal centers; Ag-

presenting cells

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22
Q

Tingible body macrophage

A

1’ found in germinal centers; possess numerous

phagocytic vessicles

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23
Q

stromal cells

A

fibroblasts & reticular cells (fibroblast-like cells with

phagocyticcapability)

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24
Q

Stromal cells & extracellular products (collagen & reticular fibers), form

A

connective tissue skeleton of lnn

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25
Q

lymph node outer, fibrous capsule of

A

dense, irregular connective tissue

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26
Q

Grossly, lnn layers (2)

A

dense, outer, cellular cortex (contains b-cells, t-cells, & plasma cells) & less cellular inner medulla

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27
Q

Extensions of cortical tissue into medulla called

A

medullary cords

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28
Q

Sep by broad lymphatic channels, — —

A

medullary sinuses

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29
Q

Interspersed throughout cortex & medulla are very thin, collagenous —

A

trabeculae

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30
Q

Blood vessels enter & leave lnn at —

A

hilus

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31
Q

b-& t-cells leave bloodstream & enter node via

A

diapedesis

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32
Q

diapedesis facilitated by

A

complementary adhesion

molecules (=addressins)

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33
Q

complementary adhesion

molecules (=addressins) are present on both

A

endothelial cells & lymphocytes

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34
Q

Migrate across walls of specialized

A

post-capillary

venules (= high endothelial venules)

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35
Q

Migrate across walls of specialized post-capillary

venules(= high endothelial venules) are lined by

A

cuboidal to columnar endothelium

36
Q

high endothelial venules are located in

A

paracortical zone

37
Q

paracortical zone

A

deep,

inner cortex of node at corticomedullary junction

38
Q

Corticalor subcapsular sinus

A

space beneath capsule where
numerous afferent lymphvessels
drain into

39
Q

Endothelium of sinus on side
adjacent to capsule —, but
— on side adjacent to
parenchyma

A

continuous
(prevents leakage)
discontinuous

40
Q

Lymphatic sinuses are not —

spaces like blood sinuses

A

open

41
Q

what are lymphatic sinuses filled with?

A

reticular fibers & macrophage

processes

42
Q

Sinuses in outer cortex (3)

A

cortical sinuses, trabecular sinuses, or peritrabecular sinuses

43
Q

Medullary sinuses

A

broad, lymphatic channels in inner, less cellular

medulla

44
Q

what do medullary sinuses contain? (3)

A

contain lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages

45
Q

where do medullary sinuses converge

A

on hilus

46
Q

Lymph drains from hilus of node via single,

A

efferent lymph vessel

47
Q

Eventually returns to bloodstream via (2)

A

thoracic duct or R lymphatic duct

48
Q

Lymphatic drainage to regional lnn important in

A

metastasis of tumor

cells

49
Q

Within cortex are densely packed, highly cellular

A

lymphoid follicles

50
Q

what do lymphoid follicles contain (2)

A

lymphatic nodules, 1’ follicles

51
Q

May contain paler, less dense

A

germinal centers

52
Q

if germinal centers are present, follicle then referred to as

A

2’ follicle

53
Q

indicate node is responding to

A

Ag

54
Q

Lymphocytes respond to Ag by increase Ab production via

A

clonal expansion

55
Q

Sites of b-cell proliferation, (2’ hemopoiesis), contain (3)

A

lymphoblasts, Mφ, & immature b-& t-cells

56
Q

Proliferation of lymphocytes results in (2)

A

lnn enlargement & “swollen glands”

57
Q

Darker staining rim surrounding germinal center called

A

mantle zone

58
Q

mantle zone

A

region of Ag presentation

59
Q

thymus

A

Lobular, lymphatic organ located in

mediastinum

60
Q

thymus is embryologically derived from

A

epithelial

outgrowth of 3rd pharyngeal pouch

61
Q

the thymus is an important hematopoietic organ during

A

fetal development

62
Q

Similar in appearance to lnn, but lacks

A

lymphoid follicles

63
Q

medulla lacks

2

A

medullary cords & sinuses

64
Q

thymus has a thin — of

A

capsule
dense, irregular
connective tissue

65
Q

Slender (2) divide thymus into lobules

A

interlobular septa or

trabeculae

66
Q

functions of the thymus (4)

A
  • Production of mature, immunocompetent Th & Tc cells
  • Clonal proliferation of Tc cells
  • Clonal deletion of self-Ab’s
  • Secretion of hormones regulating t-cell development & maturation
67
Q

Clonal deletion of self-Ab’s results in development of

A

immunologic self-tolerance

68
Q

Failure of clonal deletion may result in

A

autoimmune diseases

69
Q

As t-cells mature, they express (3)`

A
  • Ag specific t-cell receptors
  • CD (cluster of differentiation) surface markers
  • Class I & II HLA (human leukocyte Ag) surface markers
70
Q

Thymus has highly cellular
cortex packed with
(3)

A

lymphocytes, mostly t-cells &

macrophages

71
Q

what are absent I the thymus?

A

2’ follicles

72
Q

thymus has limited local

A

clonal expansion of T cells

73
Q

Less cellular, central medulla contains mostly (3)

A

b-cells, plasma cells & macrophages

74
Q

Nurse cells

A

epithelial cells within thymus, provide nurse function & structural support

75
Q

what do nurse cells secrete?

A

various hormones (thymotaxin, thymosin, & thymopoietin)

76
Q

nurse cell secretion of hormones (thymotaxin, thymosin, & thymopoietin)—attract, regulate & promote t-cell proliferation & differentiation into

A

Tc, Ts & Th cells

77
Q

Thymic or Hassal’s corpuscles are

A

eosinophilic, lamellated structures within both medulla & cortex, represent degenerate reticular & epithelial nurse cells

78
Q

when does the thymus degenerate?

A

puberty

79
Q

thymus is — in adults

A

vestigial

80
Q

the thymus undergoes

A

fatty infiltration & lymphatic depletion (thymic involution)

81
Q

inner surface of capsule has continuous epithelium to

A

isolate thymus

82
Q

Because t-cells not fully differentiated, no — lymph vessels to thymus, only —, for lymph drainage

A

afferent

efferent

83
Q

Thymic blood vessels also surrounded by connective tissue sheath called

A

blood-thymus barrier

84
Q

blood-thymus barrier forms

A

continuous antigenic barrier

85
Q

blood thymus barrier isolates

A

thymus from immune system

86
Q

the blood thymus barrier consists of (4)

A

epithelioreticular cells, reticular fibers, fibroblasts, macrophages, plasma cells,

87
Q

blood thymus barrier surrounds (2)

A

endothelium & basement membrane of blood vessels

Histology (32 decks)

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