Skin Flashcards
Dysplastic nevus is a marker of increased risk of ___
melanoma
[diagnosis: melanoma]
basal layer of epidermis involved, no atypia or mitosis
Lentigo
[diagnosis: melanoma]
epidermis and dermis involved; atypical cells present in epidermis
atypia and mitosis present
dysplastic nevus
[diagnosis: melanoma]
epidermis and superficial dermis involved; atypia present, capable of radial growth; not capable of vertical growth
Early melanoma
[diagnosis: melanoma]
epidermis, dermis and other structure involved
atypia present, radial growth capable, vertical growth capable
advanced melanoma
melanocytes are ___ cells
melanocyte marker: HMB-45
neural crest cell-derived
marker: S100
___ growth in melanoma has a metastatic potential
vertical growth
tumor depth in melanoma is the distance between
superficial granular cell layer and deepest intradermal tumor involvement
[diagnose]
small pore-like ostia impacted with keratin
small, keratin-filled cyst, exuberant keratin production, basaloid cells, invaginations of keratin
seborrheic keratosis
___ sign
rapid increase in seborrheic keratitis. Paraneoplastic syndrome of GI malignancies
Leser-Trelat sign
[diagnose]
thickened, hyperpigmented skin, velvel like texture in flexural areas
Histo: basal cell hyperpigmentation WITHOUT melanocytic hyperplasia
acanthosis nigricans
[diagnose]
atypical dyskeratotic cells in basal epidermis with intercellular bridges, basophilic degenerative changes in elastic fiber, hyperkeratosis
premalignant lesion to squamous cell CA
Actinic Keratosis
most common invasive cancer in humans
basal cell CA
second most common tumor arising from sun-exposed areas in older people
squamous cell CA
[diagnose]
plaques to nodules with ulceration
Histo: full thickness of epidermis with dermal invation, keratin pearl formation, dyskeratotic cells
Squamous cell CA
[diagnose] pearly papules with telangectasia; (rodent ulder)
nests of basaloid with peripheral palisading; stromal retraction
basal cell CA
lower metastatic potential
___ syndrome
Multiple BCCA before age 20 medulloblastoma ovarian fibroma odontogenic keratocyts pitls on palms and soles developmental anomalis
Gorlin Syndrome
[diagnose: urticaria]
increase in microvascular permeability of the deeper dermis and subcutaneous fat
urticaria
[diagnose]
superficial dermal edema
sparse superficial perivenular mononuclear infiltrate
Mast cell and IgE mediated
urticaria
[diagnose: acute eczematous dermatitis]
superficial dermal perivascular mononuclear infiltrate
contact dermatitis
[diagnose: acute eczematous dermatitis]
superficial and deep dermal perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate with eosinophils
Internal
[diagnose]
hyperkeratosis
acanthosis
spongios
acute eczematous dermatitis
Dermal edema can seep into this skin layer causing intraepidermal vesicles
stratum spinosus
[diagnose]
patient took antimalarials
red macule or papule with a pale, vesicular, or eroded center; superficial perivascular, lymphocytic infiltrate; dermal edema
Erythema multiforme
[spectrum of erythema multiforme]
> 30% BSA, split formed by bliseter at dermoepidermal junction
TEN
accumulation of these cells in the epidermis leads to cytokine and growth factor over production leading to epidermal cell proliferation
CD4 TH1
TH17
CD8
[diagnose]
salmon-colored plaques covered by loosely adherent silvery-white scales
psoriasis
[diagnose]
test tubes in a rack appearance, munro microabscesses, spongiform pustules of Kogoj
psoriasis
[psoriasis]
____
neutrophils in spongiotic foci of the superficial epidermis
Spongiform pustules of Kojog
[psoriasis]
neutrophils within the parakeratotic stratum corneum
munro microabcesses
test tubes in a rack appearance in psoriasis is due to elongation of?
rete ridges
[diagnose]
follicular lipping: mounds of parakeratosis containing PMNs and sebum at the ostia of hair follicle
seborrheic dermatitis
[lichen planus]
white dots/lines on papules
wickham striae
[diagnose]
pruritic, purple, polygonal, planar papules and plaques
Histo: epiderma hyperplasia, hyperkeratosism hypergranulosis, interface dermatosis
Sawtooth appearance of DEJ
civatte or colloid bodies
lichen planus
keratinocytes in the epidermis are connected to each other by ___
desmosomes
basal cells in the skin are anchored to the basement membrane by ___
hemidesmosomes
___ is the target structure in pemphigus vulgaris resulting acantholysis
desmoglein
[diagnose]
suprabasilar blister, lacelike fluorescence patter, Ig G deposits in squamous region, acantholysis, positive nikolsky sign
Pemphigus vulgaris
this is the targe structure in bullous pemphigoid antigen
hemidesmosome
[diagnose]
IgG deposition in the epidermal basement membrane zone, subepidermal blisters linear patter, no acanthiolysis, negative nikolsky sign
bullous pemphigoid
target of antigen in dermatitis herpetiformis
reticulin
[diagnose]
subepidermal blister, IgA deposition in the epidermal basement membrane, granular pattern with fibrin and PMNs at tips of dermal papillae
dermatitis herpetiformis
Paraneoplastic pemphigus is associated with
NHL
dematitis herpetiformis is associated with
celiac disease
[diagnosis]
defect in keratin, laminin and BPAGs, and type VII collagen
epidermolysis bullosa
[diagnosis]
Inherited defect in heme metabolism; blocks late in heme synthesis lead to sun-induced skin damage
porphyria
[diagnose]
histologic hallmark is comedogenesis
acne vulgaris
[diagnose, identify the etiologic agent]
gray-white to tan, flat to convex papules, with pebbly surface
Histo: papillimatous epidermal hyperplasia; koilocytic change
HPV
this is a case of Verucae
[diagnose, identify the etiologic agent]
pruritic, pink to skin-colored papules with central umbilication
Histo: large, ellipsoid, homogenous, cytoplasmic inclusions in stratum granulosum and corneum
poxvirus
Molluscum contangiosum
[diagnose, identify the etiologic agent]
honey-colored crust, bullae
Histo: accumulation of neutrophils beneath the stratum corneum
GABHS (contangiosa)
S. aureus (bullosa)
Impetigo
