Skin

Question 1

Dysplastic nevus is a marker of increased risk of ___

Answer 1

melanoma

Question 2

[diagnosis: melanoma]

basal layer of epidermis involved, no atypia or mitosis

Answer 2

Lentigo

Question 3

[diagnosis: melanoma]

epidermis and dermis involved; atypical cells present in epidermis

atypia and mitosis present

Answer 3

dysplastic nevus

Question 4

[diagnosis: melanoma]

epidermis and superficial dermis involved; atypia present, capable of radial growth; not capable of vertical growth

Answer 4

Early melanoma

Question 5

[diagnosis: melanoma]

epidermis, dermis and other structure involved

atypia present, radial growth capable, vertical growth capable

Answer 5

advanced melanoma

Question 6

melanocytes are ___ cells

melanocyte marker: HMB-45

Answer 6

neural crest cell-derived

marker: S100

Question 7

___ growth in melanoma has a metastatic potential

Answer 7

vertical growth

Question 8

tumor depth in melanoma is the distance between

Answer 8

superficial granular cell layer and deepest intradermal tumor involvement

Question 9

[diagnose]

small pore-like ostia impacted with keratin

small, keratin-filled cyst, exuberant keratin production, basaloid cells, invaginations of keratin

Answer 9

seborrheic keratosis

Question 10

___ sign

rapid increase in seborrheic keratitis. Paraneoplastic syndrome of GI malignancies

Answer 10

Leser-Trelat sign

Question 11

[diagnose]

thickened, hyperpigmented skin, velvel like texture in flexural areas

Histo: basal cell hyperpigmentation WITHOUT melanocytic hyperplasia

Answer 11

acanthosis nigricans

Question 12

[diagnose]

atypical dyskeratotic cells in basal epidermis with intercellular bridges, basophilic degenerative changes in elastic fiber, hyperkeratosis

premalignant lesion to squamous cell CA

Answer 12

Actinic Keratosis

Question 13

most common invasive cancer in humans

Answer 13

basal cell CA

Question 14

second most common tumor arising from sun-exposed areas in older people

Answer 14

squamous cell CA

Question 15

[diagnose]

plaques to nodules with ulceration

Histo: full thickness of epidermis with dermal invation, keratin pearl formation, dyskeratotic cells

Answer 15

Squamous cell CA

Question 16

[diagnose] pearly papules with telangectasia; (rodent ulder)

nests of basaloid with peripheral palisading; stromal retraction

Answer 16

basal cell CA

lower metastatic potential

Question 17

___ syndrome

Multiple BCCA before age 20
medulloblastoma
ovarian fibroma
odontogenic keratocyts
pitls on palms and soles
developmental anomalis

Answer 17

Gorlin Syndrome

Question 18

[diagnose: urticaria]

increase in microvascular permeability of the deeper dermis and subcutaneous fat

Answer 18

urticaria

Question 19

[diagnose]

superficial dermal edema
sparse superficial perivenular mononuclear infiltrate

Mast cell and IgE mediated

Answer 19

urticaria

Question 20

[diagnose: acute eczematous dermatitis]

superficial dermal perivascular mononuclear infiltrate

Answer 20

contact dermatitis

Question 21

[diagnose: acute eczematous dermatitis]

superficial and deep dermal perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate with eosinophils

Answer 21

Internal

Question 22

[diagnose]

hyperkeratosis
acanthosis
spongios

Answer 22

acute eczematous dermatitis

Question 23

Dermal edema can seep into this skin layer causing intraepidermal vesicles

Answer 23

stratum spinosus

Question 24

[diagnose]

patient took antimalarials

red macule or papule with a pale, vesicular, or eroded center; superficial perivascular, lymphocytic infiltrate; dermal edema

Answer 24

Erythema multiforme

Question 25

[spectrum of erythema multiforme] >30% BSA, split formed by bliseter at dermoepidermal junction

Answer 25

TEN

Question 26

accumulation of these cells in the epidermis leads to cytokine and growth factor over production leading to epidermal cell proliferation

Answer 26

CD4 TH1 TH17 CD8

Question 27

[diagnose] salmon-colored plaques covered by loosely adherent silvery-white scales

Answer 27

psoriasis

Question 28

[diagnose] test tubes in a rack appearance, munro microabscesses, spongiform pustules of Kogoj

Answer 28

psoriasis

Question 29

[psoriasis] ____ neutrophils in spongiotic foci of the superficial epidermis

Answer 29

Spongiform pustules of Kojog

Question 30

[psoriasis] neutrophils within the parakeratotic stratum corneum

Answer 30

munro microabcesses

Question 31

test tubes in a rack appearance in psoriasis is due to elongation of?

Answer 31

rete ridges

Question 32

[diagnose] follicular lipping: mounds of parakeratosis containing PMNs and sebum at the ostia of hair follicle

Answer 32

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 33

[lichen planus] white dots/lines on papules

Answer 33

wickham striae

Question 34

[diagnose] pruritic, purple, polygonal, planar papules and plaques Histo: epiderma hyperplasia, hyperkeratosism hypergranulosis, interface dermatosis Sawtooth appearance of DEJ civatte or colloid bodies

Answer 34

lichen planus

Question 35

keratinocytes in the epidermis are connected to each other by ___

Answer 35

desmosomes

Question 36

basal cells in the skin are anchored to the basement membrane by ___

Answer 36

hemidesmosomes

Question 37

___ is the target structure in pemphigus vulgaris resulting acantholysis

Answer 37

desmoglein

Question 38

[diagnose] suprabasilar blister, lacelike fluorescence patter, Ig G deposits in squamous region, acantholysis, positive nikolsky sign

Answer 38

Pemphigus vulgaris

Question 39

this is the targe structure in bullous pemphigoid antigen

Answer 39

hemidesmosome

Question 40

[diagnose] IgG deposition in the epidermal basement membrane zone, subepidermal blisters linear patter, no acanthiolysis, negative nikolsky sign

Answer 40

bullous pemphigoid

Question 41

target of antigen in dermatitis herpetiformis

Answer 41

reticulin

Question 42

[diagnose] subepidermal blister, IgA deposition in the epidermal basement membrane, granular pattern with fibrin and PMNs at tips of dermal papillae

Answer 42

dermatitis herpetiformis

Question 43

Paraneoplastic pemphigus is associated with

Answer 43

NHL

Question 44

dematitis herpetiformis is associated with

Answer 44

celiac disease

Question 45

[diagnosis] defect in keratin, laminin and BPAGs, and type VII collagen

Answer 45

epidermolysis bullosa

Question 46

[diagnosis] Inherited defect in heme metabolism; blocks late in heme synthesis lead to sun-induced skin damage

Answer 46

porphyria

Question 47

[diagnose] histologic hallmark is comedogenesis

Answer 47

acne vulgaris

Question 48

[diagnose, identify the etiologic agent] gray-white to tan, flat to convex papules, with pebbly surface Histo: papillimatous epidermal hyperplasia; koilocytic change

Answer 48

HPV this is a case of Verucae

Question 49

[diagnose, identify the etiologic agent] pruritic, pink to skin-colored papules with central umbilication Histo: large, ellipsoid, homogenous, cytoplasmic inclusions in stratum granulosum and corneum

Answer 49

poxvirus Molluscum contangiosum

Question 50

[diagnose, identify the etiologic agent] honey-colored crust, bullae Histo: accumulation of neutrophils beneath the stratum corneum

Answer 50

GABHS (contangiosa) S. aureus (bullosa) Impetigo