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Pathology > Red Blood Cell and Bleeding Disorders > Flashcards

Red Blood Cell and Bleeding Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

ratio of the volume of erythrocytes to that of whole blood

A

hematocrit

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2
Q

average volume of red cells

A

MCV

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3
Q

weight of Hgb of the average red cell

A

MCH

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4
Q

Average concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red cell

A

MCHC

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5
Q

Reflects variability in red cell and shape

A

RDW

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6
Q

[red cell index]

___ = Hgb/3

A

Hct

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7
Q

[red cell index]

____ = RBC x 3

A

Hgb

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8
Q

[red cell index]

___ = Hct/RBC

A

MCV

macrocytic, microcytic, normocytic

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9
Q

[red cell index]

_____ = Hgb/RBC

A

MCH

hypochromic, normchromic

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10
Q

[red cell index]

____ = (Hgb/Hct) x 100

A

MCHC

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11
Q

[diagnosis]

increased MCHC, RBC is round, without central pallor

intrinsic type of hemolysis, extravascular site of hemolysis

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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12
Q

[diagnosis]
Heins bodies, Bite Cells, Protective against malaria

intrinsic type of hemolysis, intravascular and extravascular site of hemolysis

A

G6PD deficiency

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13
Q

[diagnosis]
presence of codocytes (dehydrated RBCs), drepanocytes, protective against malaria, extramedullary hematopoeisis

intrinsic type of hemolysis, extravascular site of hemolysis

A

Sickle cell anemia

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14
Q

[diagnosis]

E6V mutation; RBC changes shape in low pH and low oxygen tension

A

Sickle cell anemia

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15
Q

Hydroxyurea is used in treating sickle cell anemia. This increasesthe ____

A

HbF

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16
Q

[diagnosis]

symptomatic infants starting 5-6 months of age, acute splenomegaly, painful vaso-occlusive crisis, causes autosplenectomy

A

sickle cell anemia

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17
Q

[diagnosis]

infants become symptomatic at 6-9 months of age, crew-cut appearance

microcytic, hypochromic anemia, intrinsic type, extravascular hemolysis

A

beta thalassemia

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18
Q

[diagnosis]

deficiency in complement regulatory proteins CD55, CD59, C8 binding protein

increased complement mediated lysis (C5-9)

less blood pH at night, increases complement activity

A

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

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19
Q

most common immunohemolytic anema

A

warm agglutinin

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20
Q

[type of immunohemolytic anemia]

IgG

Associated with SLE nad drugs

A

warm agglutinin

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21
Q

[type of immunohemolytic anemias]

IgM mediated
associated with mycoplasmal infections and infectious mononucleosis

prefers fingers, toes, aears

A

Cold agglutinin disease

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22
Q

[type of agglutinin]

low RBC, increased MCV, increased MCHC

PBS: red cell agglutination

A

cold agglutinins

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23
Q

[hypoproliferative anemia]

impaired nuclear maturation with normal cytoplasmic maturation (nuclear-cytoplasmic asynchrony); abnormally large erythroid precursors and red cells; megakaryocyte is large with bizarre, multilobate nuclei

A

megaloblastic anemia

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24
Q

[diagnosis]

anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, giant metamyelocytesa nd band forms (>/ 5 lobes)

megakaryocyte: large, with bizarre, multilobate

A

megaloblastic anemia

25
Q

vitamin deficiency associated with neurologic manifestations (degeneration of posterolateral cord tracts)

A

Vitamin B12

26
Q

[type of anemia]

microcytic, hypochromic, increased RDW

low serum Fe, low ferritin, increased TIBC

A

IDA

27
Q

[type of anemia]

low serum iron, high ferritin, low transferrin

A

Anemia of chronic disease

28
Q

[diagnosis]

Normocytic, normochromic
BMA: hypocellular, dry tap

A

Aplastic anemia

29
Q

[diagnosis]

normocytic, normochromic
BMA: virtually absent erythroblasts in marrow, normal granulo- and thrombopoietic elements

A

pure red cell aplasia

30
Q

virus that preferentially infect erythroid precurosrs

A

parvovirus

31
Q

[diagnosis]

space occupying lesion that replace normal marrow elements; tear-drop shaped cells

A

myelopthisic anemia

32
Q

[diagnosis]

abnormally high red cell county with increase in hemoglobin;

A

polycythemia vera

33
Q

deranged bleeding ime means there is a defect in platelet _____

A

function

34
Q

[diagnosis]

usually seen in adults 40y/o, associated with SLE, CLL, HIV; antibodies against gp IIb-IIIa, gbIb-IX

BMA: increased megakaroyocytes
PBS: large platelets

Spleen congestion, follicular hyperplasia

Treated with glucocorticoids

A

Chronic ITP

35
Q

[diagnosis]

usually seen in children associated with post-viral illness; antibodies against gp IIb-IIIa, gbIb-IX

BMA: increased megakaroyocytes
PBS: large platelets

Spleen congestion, follicular hyperplasia

self limited`

A

acute itp

36
Q

[diagnosis]

defect in platelet adhesion due to deficiency in gpIb-IX

A

bernard-soulier disease

37
Q

[diagnosis]

defect in platelet aggregation due to deficiency in gpIIb-IIIa

A

glanzman thrombastenia

38
Q

most common inherited bleeding disorder

A

von willebrand disease

39
Q

[diagnosis]

platelet count: normal
bleeding time: impaired

A

von willebrand

40
Q

[diagnosis]

platelet count: normal
bleeding time: normal

A

hemophilia

41
Q

most common hereditary syndrome with life threatening bleeding

A

hemophilia

42
Q

[diagnosis]

  1. microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
  2. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Renal failure
A

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

normal ADAMTS13 level

43
Q

[diagnosis]

  1. microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
  2. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Renal failure
  4. Fever
  5. Neurologic manifestation
A

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

44
Q

[diagnosis]

ADAMTS13 is decreased

A

TTP

45
Q

this is a metalloproteinase of vWF that is normal in HUS

A

ADAMTS13

46
Q

___ syndrome wherein a thrombi lodged to a gian hemangioma (DIC-related)

A

Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome)

47
Q

[diagnosis]

low PC, prolonged bleeding time, prolonged PT, prolonged aPTT

A

DIC

48
Q

[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]

PC: normal
Bleeding time: normal
PT: normal
PTT: normal

A

Ehler-Danlos

49
Q

[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]

PC: low
Bleeding time: prolonged
PT: normal
PTT: normal

A

ITP or TTP

50
Q

[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]

PC: low
Bleeding time: prolonged
PT: normal
PTT: normal

A

Bernard soulier

51
Q

[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]

PC: normal
Bleeding time: prolonged
PT: normal
PTT: normal

A

glanzmann thrombastenia

52
Q

[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]

PC: normal
Bleeding time: prolonged
PT: normal
PTT: prolonged

A

vWF disease

53
Q

[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]

PC: normal
Bleeding time: normal
PT: normal
PTT: prolonged

A

hemophilia

54
Q

[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]

PC: normal
Bleeding time: normal
PT: prolonged
PTT: prolonged

A

vitamin K deficiency

55
Q

[diagnosis, bleeding disorders]

PC: low
Bleeding time: prolonged
PT: prolonged
PTT: prolonged

A

DIC

56
Q

[type of transfusion reaction]

presence of preformed IgM to donor red cell antigen

A

Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions

57
Q

[type of transfusion reaction]

IgG to red cell antigen the patient was previously sensitized to

A

Delayed

58
Q

[type of transfusion reactions]

Activation of PMNs in lung vasculature

A

TRALI

Pathology (36 decks)

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