Diseases of infancy and childhood

Question 1

[term]

intrinsic abnormal process, primary error of morphogenesis

Answer 1

malformation

Question 2

[term]

amniotic band compressing parts of fetus

Answer 2

disruption

Question 3

[term]

due to abnormal biomechanical process like that of club feet

Answer 3

deformations

Question 4

[term]

one initiating aberration leading to cascade of anomalis

Answer 4

sequence

Question 5

[term]

constellation of congenital anomalies that are pathologically related, cannot be explained by single, localized, initiating defects

Answer 5

malformation syndrome

Question 6

[name the possible cause]

mental retardation, cataracts, sensorineural healing loss, cardiac anomalies

Answer 6

rubella

Question 7

[name the possible cause]

short deformed limbs

Answer 7

thalidomide

phocomelia

Question 8

[name tha possible cause]

microcephaly, growth retardation, facial anomalies, reduced mental capacity

Answer 8

alcohol

Question 9

week of AOG that is extremely susceptible to teratogenesis

Answer 9

3rd to 9th week

Question 10

pulmonary surfactant is composed of what compound?

Answer 10

dipalmitoylphsphatidylcholine (DPPC)

Question 11

retinopathy of prematurity is due to ___ injury

Answer 11

hyperoxic

Question 12

when to give glucocorticoids for lung maturity

Answer 12

24 to 34 weeks AOG

Question 13

[disease entity]

premature, hematochezia, abdominal distension, circulatory collapse, pneumatosis intestinalis

Answer 13

necrotizing enterocolitis

Question 14

mediator implicated in necrotizing enterocolitis because it increases mucosal permeability

Answer 14

platelet activating factor

Question 15

most common cause of aplastic crisis in hemolytic anemia

Answer 15

parvovirus B19

Question 16

[what disease entity]

congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens, dilated pancreatic and salivary duct, meconium ileus

Answer 16

cystic fibrosis

Question 17

safest sleeping position in infatnts

Answer 17

supine

Question 18

second most common malignancy in children

Answer 18

neuroblastoma

Question 19

most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood

Answer 19

neuroblastoma

Question 20

[what disease entity]

homer-wright pseudorosettes, small round blue cells with mitosis, karyorrhexis and atypia, neuropil

Answer 20

neuroblastoma

Question 21

blueberry muffin baby, cross the midline

Answer 21

neuroblastoma

Question 22

[name this syndrome]

organomegaly, macroglossia, hemihypertrophy, omphalocele, andrenal cytomegaly

Answer 22

beckwidth-weidemann

WT2 gene

Question 23

[name this syndrome]

gonadal dysgenesis, early onset nephropathy (diffuse mesangial sclerosis), increased risk for wilms tumor

Answer 23

Denys-Drash Syndrome

WT1 gene

Question 24

cross the midline, homer-wright pseudorosettes, neuropil, blue berry muffin

Answer 24

neurobalstoma

Question 25

small round, blue cells, glands, glomerular sturcutres, fibroblastic stroma

Answer 25

wilms tumor