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SINDROME COMPARTIMENTAL Flashcards

(11 cards)

1
Q

que es?

A

Elevación de presión intersticial dentro de un compartimiento osteomiofascial cerrado por arriba de la presión de perfusión capilar con compromiso del flujo sanguíneo
Presión intracompartimental >30mmHg

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2
Q

URGENCIAS ORTOPEDICAS

A

Luxaciones
Fracturas expuestas
Sindrome compartimental
Artritis séptica
Fractura de pelvis con inestabilidad hemodinamica

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3
Q

CAUSAS INTRINSECAS

A

aumentan volumen dentro del compartimento (sangrado,edema)

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4
Q

CAUSAS EXTRINSECAS

A

restringen dilatación de envoltura compartimental (vendajes, cierre quirurgico, torniquetes)

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5
Q

COMPARTIMENTOS DEL MUSLO

A

Anterior: nervio femoral y arteria femoral
Medial: nervio obturador
Posterior: Nervio ciático, arteria femoral profunda

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6
Q

COMPARTIMENTOS DE LA PIERNA

A

Anterior: arteria tibial anterior y nervio perineal profundo
Lateral: arteria tibial anterior y nervio perineal superficial
Posterior superficial: Arterias surales, poplitea, tibial posterio y perineal, nervio tibial
Posterior profundo: arteria tibial y perineal post, nervio tibial

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7
Q

COMPARTIMENTOS DEL PIE

A

Medial plantar
Lateral de planta del pie
Central de planta del pie
Dorsal

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8
Q

CLASIFICACION

A

Sindrome compartimental agudo
Sindrome compartimental subagudo
Sindrome compartimental recurrente o crónico
Sindrome por aplastamiento - consecuencia de rabdomiolisis postraumatica

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9
Q

CUADRO CLÍNICO

A

6Ps
Parestesias
Dolor
Palidez
Paralisis
Ausencia de Pulsos
Presión (>30-40 mmHg)

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10
Q

TRATAMIENTO

A

Fasciotomía descomprensiva dentro de primeras 6 horas
Cierre por 2da intención, cubrir con apositos esteriles, tx antibiotico

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11
Q

COMPLICACIONES

A

Locales: necrosis muscular, fibrosis, adherencias
Sistemicos: mioglobina, acidosis metabolica, shock, insuficiencia renal, fallo cardiaco

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