SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC DRUGS Flashcards
Site of action of sedative-hypnotic drugs
GABA-A receptor
Functions as a chloride ion channel
Antidote for BZD overdose
Flumazenil
BZD receptor antagonist
MOA of BZD
Binds to GABA-A receptor to increase FREQUENCY of Cl channel opening
Short-acting BZD used for pre-op sedation
Midazolam
This accounts for the short duration of action of short-acting BZDs
Rapid tissue redistribution
Short-acting BZD for insomnia
Triazolam
Intermediate-acting BZD used for insomnia
Estalozam
Intermediate-acting BZD used in STATUS EPILEPTICUS
LORAZEPAM
Intermediate-acting BZD for anxiety and panic disorders
Clonazepam
Alprazolam
Long-acting BZD used for insomnia
Flurazepam
Long-acting BZD used for STATUS EPILEPTICUS
Diazepam
Long-acting BZD used in CEREBRAL PALSY
Diazepam
Long-acting BZD known as the date rape drug
Flunitrazepam
Long-acting BZD with the longest half-life
Chlordiapoxide
Only long-acting na may X
Long-acting BZDs used for ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL
Diazepam
Chlordiazepoxide
MOA of Barbiturates
Bind to GABA-A receptor to increase DURATION of Cl channel opening
Contraindication for Barbiturate use
Porphyria
Ultrashort-acting barbiturate that is used for anesthesia induction
Thiopental
Ultrashort-acting barbiturate used for seizure induction for epileptic patients undergoing temporal lobe resection
Methohexital
(+) METHODhexital
Ultrashort-acting barbiturate which has the highest lipid solubility (rapid entry to brain <1min and rapid awakening)
Thiopental
Long-acting barbiturate used in GILBERT SYNDROME
PHENOBARBITAL
Long-acting barbiturate used for seizures in infant
Phenobarbital
High dose BZD and Barbs may suppress seizure but at the expenses of marked sedation EXCEPT
Clonazepam and Phenobarbital
Anxiolytic used in GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDERS (GAD)
Buspirone
Anxiolytic that activates melatonin receptors (MT1 & MT2) causing decreased latency of sleep onset
Ramelteon
raMELteon
DOC for opioid overdose
Naloxone
DOC for opioid dependence and chronic alcoholism
Naltrexone
