ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS

Question 1

Mechanisms of arrhythmias

Answer 1

1. Abnormal automaticity

2. Abnormal conduction

Question 2

Often induced by antiarrhythmics that changes the shape of AP and prolongs the QT interval

Answer 2

Torsades de Pointes

Question 3

ECG morphology seen in Torsades de Pointes

Answer 3

Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (PVT)

Question 4

SINGH-VAUGHAN WILLIAMS CLASSIFICATION

Answer 4

Class 1: Na channel blockers
Class 2: Beta blockers
Class 3: K channel blockers
Class 4: Ca channel blockers

Question 5

MOAs of Class 1: Na channel blockers

Answer 5

1A: prolong AP
1B: shorten AP
1C: No effect

Question 6

Drugs of Class 1A of Na channel blockers

Answer 6

DQ Parin

D - Disopyramidine
Q - Quinidine

P - Procainamide

Question 7

Class 1A drug that causes LUPUS-LIKE SYNDROME

Answer 7

Procainamide

Question 8

Class 1A drug that causes CINCHONISM (headache, vertigo, tinnitus)

Answer 8

Quinidine

Question 9

Used to reverse drug-induced arrhythmias due to Class 1A overdose

Answer 9

Sodium lactate

Question 10

Class 1B antiarrhythmic drugs

Answer 10

MTLP

M - Mexiletine
T - Tocainide
L - Lidocaine
P - Phenytoin

Question 11

DOC of ventricular arrhythmias post-MI

Answer 11

Class 1B antiarrhythmic drugs

Question 12

Drugs used for digoxin-induced arrhythmias

Answer 12

Class 1B antiarrhythmic drugs

Question 13

Class 1B antiarrhythmic drug that is also used for NEUROPATHIC PAIN

Answer 13

Mexiletine

Question 14

Side effect seen in Tocainide use

Answer 14

Agranulocytosis

Question 15

Class 1B antiarrhythmic drug that is LEAST CARDIOTOXIC and with significant first-pass effect

Answer 15

LIDOCAINE

Question 16

Class 1B antiarrhythmic drug that causes congenital malformations (Fetal hydantoin syndrome)

Answer 16

Phenytoin

Question 17

Class 1C antiarrhythmic drug

Answer 17

EFMP

E - Encainide
F - Flecainide
M - Moricizine
P - Propafenone

Question 18

Most arrhythmogenic among the Class 1 antiarrhythmic drug

Answer 18

Class 1C

Question 19

Used only for refractory arrhythmia

Answer 19

Class 1C antiarrhythmic drug

Question 20

Class

Question 21

Class 2 antiarrhythmic drugs

Answer 21

PAM-E

Propanolol
Atenolol
Metaprolol

Esmolol

Question 22

Class 2 antiarrhythmic drugs (Beta-blockers) act on:

Answer 22

Phase 4

Question 23

T or F. AV node is particularly sensitive to blockers

Answer 23

TRUE

PR interval is usually prolonged

Question 24

Class 2 antiarrhythmic drugs use for POST-MI PROPHYLAXIS AGAINST SUDDEN DEATH

Answer 24

PAM

Propanolol
Atenolol
Metoprolol

Question 25

Class 2 antiarrhythmic drug used for THYROTOXIC ARRHYTHMIAS

Answer 25

ESMOLOL

Question 26

Class 3 antiarrhythmic drugs

Answer 26

ASID A - Amiodarone S - Sotalol I - Ibutilide D - Dofetilide

Question 27

Class 3 antiarrhythmic drugs act on:

Answer 27

Phase 3

Question 28

Hallmark of Class 3 antiarrhythmic drug

Answer 28

Prolongation of AP duration

Question 29

ECG morphology seen in Class 3 antiarrhythmic drug

Answer 29

Increase in QT interval

Question 30

Most efficacious of all antiarrhythmic drugs

Answer 30

Class 3 antiarrhythmic drug Has the longest T1/2

Question 31

Class 3 antiarrhythmic drug that is used for atrial fibrillation treatment and prophylaxis

Answer 31

-IDES Ibutilide, Dofetilide

Question 32

Class 3 antiarrhythmic drug that has both a K+ channel block + beta blockade

Answer 32

SOTALOL and AMIODARONE

Question 33

Amiodarone toxicity

Answer 33

``` Pulmonary fibrosis Paresthesia Thyroid dysfunction Tremors Skin deposits Corneal deposits ```

Question 34

Class 4 antiarrhythmic drugs (Calcium channel blockers)

Answer 34

Non-dihydropyridine CCBs VD V - Verapamil D - Diltiazem

Question 35

Class 4 antiarrhythmic drugs is used in

Answer 35

SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA

Question 36

DOC for PAROXYSMAL SVT

Answer 36

ADENOSINE *shortest T1/2 of 15 seconds

Question 37

MOA of POTASSIUM as an antiarrythymic drug

Answer 37

Depresses ectopic pacemaker ectopiK