ANTI-SEIZURE DRUGS Flashcards
SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS ANTI-SEIZURE DRUGS
- Hydantoin (Phenytoin)
- Tricyclic (Carbamazepine)
- Branched chain FA (Valproic acid)
- Phenyltriazine (Lamotrigine)
Sodium channel blocker anti-seizure drug: s/e gingival hyperplasia
Phenytoin
Sodium channel blocker anti-seizure drug: FETAL HYDRANTOIN SYNDROME
Phenytoin
Water-soluble prodrug of Phenytoin
Fosphenytoin
This sodium channel blocker anti-seizure drug interferes with thyroid function test d/t its affinity to TBG
Phenytoin
Most common s/e of PHENYTOIN
Diplopia & ataxia
Early side effect seen in Phenytoin
Nystagmus
DOC for TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA
Carbamazepine
Most common idiosyncratic reaction seen in Tricyclic anti-seizures (Carbamazepine)
SJS, erythematous rash
Most common side effect of TCA (Carbamazepine)
Diplopia and ataxia (same as Phenytoin)
Teratogenic effect of Carbamazepine
Spina bifida and craniofacial anomalies
Anti-seizure drug that can cause auto-induction (induce its own metabolism)
Carbamazepine (TCA)
Branched chain fatty acid anti-seizure drug
Valproic acid
Broad spectrum anti-seizure drug
Valproic acid
DOC for bipolar disorder
Valproic acid
DOC for generalized tonic-clonic seizures and absence seizures
Valproic acid
Most common side effect of Valproic acid
GI upset
Teratogenic effect seen in Valproic acid use during pregnancy
NTD and spina bifida
Valproic acid is a CYP450 inducer or inhibitor?
INHIBITOR
Sodium channel blocker anti-seizure drug that only blocks Na channels
Zonisamide
Phenyltriazine anti-seizure drug that causes cognitive impairment, confusion, and poor concentration
Zonisamide
Used for acute manic phase and as prophylaxis in the depressive phase
Lamotrigine
GABAERGIC ANTISEIZURE DRUGS
- Barbiturates
- Benzodiazepines
DOC for infantile seizures
Barbiturates: Phenobarbital
Most frequent unwanted side effect of Barbiturates (Phenobarbital)
Sedation
Acute intermittent porphyria as a side effect
Phenobarbital (Barbiturates)
Drug of choice for Status epilepticus
Benzodiazepines
Can be used for Lennox-gastaut syndrome
- Benzodiazepines (Clonazepam, Clobazam)
- Monosaccharide derivative (Topiramate)
Type of Calcium channel acted upon by Calcium channel blockers anti-seizure drugs (Ethosuximide)
T-type
DOC for absence seizure
ETHOSUXIMIDE
DOC for Post-herpetic neuralgia (neuropathic pain)
Gabapentin, pregabalin
These anti-seizure drug selectively binds synaptic vesicular protein SV2A
Piracetam drugs (Levetiracetam, brivaracetam)
These anti-seizure drugs is neither an inducer nor an inhibitor
Piracetam drugs (Levetiracetam, brivaracetam)
Anti-seizure drug with the greatest number of mechanisms of action
Topiramate
This drug may cause UROLITHIASIS because it is a weak inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase
Topimarate
Causes hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity
Felbamate