SBAs for final FRCR 2A Unit 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Premature baby, US brain shows loculated cystic lesions in frontal lobes

A

Periventricular leucomalacia

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2
Q

Commonest prenatal cause of death in ARPKE

A

Severe renal compromise

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3
Q

Pre and post op imaging in congenital heart

A

Pre is focussed on morphology for surgical planning
Post is more focussed on function

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4
Q

Most important clinical feature of post op ToF imaging

A

Pulmonary valve function

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5
Q

Dandy walker variant vs malformation

A

Malformation:
- Enlargement of posterior fossa
- Associated CNS anomalies are more common

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6
Q

Osteosarcoma seen on XR, next step

A

MRI to evaluate local extent
CT chest and bone scan for pulmonary and bone mets

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7
Q

Central line ideal position

A

Above the carina, so that it isn’t in the right atrium itself

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8
Q

Neuroblastoma, Ix for bone mets

A

MIBG

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9
Q

Pseudosubluxation of C2/3 and C3/4

A

Can be normal in kids

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10
Q

Normal atlanto-dens interval

A

3mm in adults, 5mm in kids

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11
Q

BPD vs PIE

A

Both cause bubbly lucencies on CXR.
BPD tends to develop more gradually and occur later

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12
Q

Gyriform low T2 signal in cerebral cortex

A

Cortical calcification

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13
Q

Cortical calcification, unilateral atrophy and leptomeningeal enhancement

A

Sturge Weber Syndrome

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14
Q

Intralobar vs Extralobar sequestration

A

Extralobar more common in males and more common in left.
More commonly associated with other congenital abnormalities

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15
Q

SUFE vs Perthes

A

SUFE demonstrates initial widening of joint space and loss of overlap between medial femoral metaphysis and acetabulum (metaphyseal extrusion)

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16
Q

Cough, green sputum, wheeze. CXR: Hyperinflation, air trapping, peribronchial wall oedema, subsegmental atelectasis

A

Suggests viral pneumonia, reassure

17
Q

CXR: Linear densities within cystic spaces, usually confined to a single lobe

A

Persistent PIE

18
Q

Omphalocele vs gastrochisis

A

Omphalocele is covered by peritoneum.
Omphalocele is associated with cardiac abnormalities and Beckwith Weideman.
Omphalocele has umbilical cord inserting at the apex of the hernia

19
Q

Cyanosis, normal mediastinal contour with decreased pulmonary vascularity

A

TOF

20
Q

Commonest fracture associated with posterior elbow dislocation (in kids)

A

medial epicondyle

21
Q

Bilateral seminal vesicle agenesis

A

CF

22
Q

Scimitar syndrome vs PAPVR

A

Scimitar syndrome is associated with ipsilateral lung hypoplasia

23
Q

Multiple osteochondromas

A

Diaphyseal aclasia

24
Q

Septate vs bicornuate uterus

A

Bicornate:
Divergent uterine horns
External fundal cleft >1cm deep
Intercornual distance >4cm
Septate:
External fundal contour convex, flat or <1cm concave (rather than >1cm fundal cleft)

25
Q

Meckel’s scan

A

99mTc pertechnate, detects gastric mucosa

26
Q

Posterior displacement of trachea suggests

A

Anterior mediastinal lesion

27
Q

Corpus Callosum Agenesis associated with

A

Delayed sulcation

28
Q

Progressive narrowing of interpeduncular distance down the spine

A

Achondroplasia

29
Q

Most consistent US sign of ovarian torsion

A

Enlarged ovary

30
Q

Most frequent polyposis syndrome to affect small intestine

A

Peutz jehger