Radiology Live Unit 4 Flashcards
Best sequence for assessing morphology of breast cancer
T2
Submucosal fibroid appearance on HSG
Irregular filling defect with sharp angles
Benign adenoma on unenhanced CT adrenal
HU <10
Grouped amorphous calcifications on mammogram
Sus for DCIS, needs biopsy
Medullary sponge kidney size
Normal
Endometrioma vs complex ovarian cyst - useful MR sequence
T1 fat sat (high on endometrioma, variable on complex cyst)
Complete duplex kidney
2 separate ureters entering the bladder
MCDK reduction in kidney size
Often normal, continue US monitoring
Duplex kidney, lower vs upper moiety
Lower is posteriomedial to upper
Golf club appearance on HSG
Endometriosis
MCDK contralateral kidney usual findings
Normal
T2 dark spots in myometrium
Adenomyosis
MRI sequence best to detect bladder cancer fat invasion
T1 fat sat post contrast
Galactocele on US, next step
Mammo
Visible renal pelvis and calyces on DMSA
Not normal, suggestive of obstruction or reflux
Complex ovarian cyst vs endometrioma
Complex cysts have enhancing solid components
Egg shell calcifications on mamogram
Oil cysts
Reduce infectious complications of prostate biopsy
Rectal swab and culture to guide prophylactic Abx
AMLs are not associated with
VHL
Myometrial cysts (appearance on US and association)
Small anechoic areas in myometrium, specific for adenomyosis
Cervical cancer stage with direct extension to adjacent pelvic organs
FIGO stage 4A
Normal renal transplant RI
<0.7
Commonest type of uterine fibroid degeneration during pregnancy
Red degeneration
Most significant marker of renal artery aneurysm severity
Size >2cm
Asymmetrical thickening of junctional zone
Adenomyosis
TS, multiple AMLs, most appropriate follow up
Annual MRI
Horseshoe kidney, most increased risk calculi
Struvite
Symptomatic bartholin cyst Rx
Aspiration and sclerotherapy in >3cm
Limitation for breast MRI in evaluating newly diagnosed Ca disease extent
Overestimation of tumour size
Hypoechoic, irregular mass in cervix on TVUS
Sus for cervical cancer, perform colposcopy and biopsy
HSG: Single uterine cavity with smooth concave indentation at the fundus measuring 7mm
Likely arcuate uterus, MRI recommended
Macroscopic areas of fat on adrenal lesion
Suggest myelolipoma, reassure
US shows complete hydatiform mole, next Ix to look for mets
CXR
