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Revise Radiology Qs Notes > Revise Radiology Paeds > Flashcards

Revise Radiology Paeds Flashcards

1
Q

Reversal of rectosigmoid ratio

A

Hirschprungs disease

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2
Q

Well defined, round, subcarinal mass in 3YO. Recurrent chest infections

A

Bronchogenic cyst

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3
Q

MRI enhancement of Cardiac Rhabdomyoma

A

Minimal first pass enhancement.
Isointense to myocardiumon late gadolinium

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4
Q

Low T1, High T2 orbital lesion with no enhancement or calcification. Adjacent bone scalloping

A

Epidermoid cyst

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5
Q

Well circumscribed lesion in tubular bones of hands, some have calcfications

A

Enchondroma

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6
Q

Infant, ground glass in right middle lobe and lingula

A

NEHI (Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia of Infancy)

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7
Q

Loss of zone of provisional calcification in metaphysis of long bones

A

Rickets

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8
Q

Sequestration/CCAM diagnosed in utero, best Ix after birth

A

CT Angiogram

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9
Q

Caroli syndrome vs caroli disease

A

Caroli syndrome is caroli disease plus congenital hepatic fibrosis

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10
Q

Recurrent cholangitis in Caroli disease, Rx

A

Broad spectrum antibiotics

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11
Q

Neonate, narrow rectum, dilated proximal bowel

A

Hirschprungs

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12
Q

Characteristic intracranial finding in Sturge Weber

A

Leptomeningeal enhancement

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13
Q

Radial dysplasia with thumb present

A

TAR (Thrombocytomenia Absent Radius)

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14
Q

Abnormal grey matter nodules along glial pathways to the cortex

A

Heterotopia

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15
Q

Commonest cause of scoliosis in kids

A

Idiopathic

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16
Q

UVC projected above diaphragm, neonate has sudden respiratory distress

A

Pericardial tamponade (line is within atrium)

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17
Q

Causes of congenital lobar emphysema

A

PDA,
Bronchial dysplasia,
Bronchial web,
Inspissated mucus

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18
Q

Bone tumour with lung and bone mets at presentation

A

Ewings

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19
Q

Forms of Holoprosencephaly

A

Alobar: Single posteriorly located monoventricle, fusion of thalami, no separation of cerebral hemispheres
Semilobar: 2 hemispheres posteriorly, fused anteriorly
Lobar: nearly complete separation of hemispheres except mild frontal abnormalities.
Middle interhemispheric variant.
Abnormal midline hemispheric connection in posterior frontal and parietal lobes

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20
Q

Non-radiopaque foreign body inhalation (CXR)

A

Lateral decub (ipsilateral side down) shows reduced volume on affected lung

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21
Q

Right sided aortic arch most commonly associated syndrome

A

DiGeorge syndrome

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22
Q

Snowman sign on CXR

A

Supracardiac TAPVR

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23
Q

Most common malignant pancreatic tumour of young children

A

Pancreatoblastoma

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24
Q

Types of right aortic arch

A

Type 1: Right sided with mirror image branching
Type 2: Right sided with aberrant left subclavian
Type 3: Right sided with isolation of left subclavian

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25
Q

Other heart finding associated with D transposition

A

Right coronary artery dominance

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26
Q

Choledochal cyst types

A

1: Fusiform dilatation of CBD, without multiple intrahepatic cysts
2: Diverticulum of bile duct
3: Choledochocele within duodenum
4: Multiple connumicating intra and extrahepatic duct cysts
4a: fusiform dilatation of entire extrahepatic duct with extension of dilatation to intrahepatic ducts
4b: Multiple cystic dilatations involving only the extrahepatic bile duct
5: Cystic dilatations of intrahepatic ducts

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27
Q

Recurrent pneumothoraces, lytic lesion with soft tissue mass overlying parietal bone

A

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

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28
Q

Suitability for Norwood procedure

A

Severe hypoplasia of left heart (Z score below -2)

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29
Q

Dystrophic nails, yellow teeth, thickened cortices and fractures. Short stature

A

Pyknodysostosis

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30
Q

Post term, hyperinflation

A

Meconium ileus

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31
Q

Furosemide use in children can cause

A

Nephrocalcinosis

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32
Q

Liver mass in child with precocious puberty

A

Hepatoblastoma

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33
Q

Thick walled, confluent cysts in right upper lobe

A

CCAM

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34
Q

Severe hydrocephalus vs Hydrancephaly

A

Thin residual rim of cortical tissue vs near complete absence of cerebral hemispheres

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35
Q

Sturge Weber intracranial appearances

A

Leptomeningeal enhancement, cortical atrophy, tram-track calcifications

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36
Q

Soft, compressible, multiloculated cystic lesion in posterior triangle

A

Lymphangioma

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37
Q

Ix to assess myocardial viability in Kawasaki disease

A

Cardiac MR with late gadolinium enhancement

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38
Q

Avulsion fragment at inferior patella with soft tissue swelling

A

Patellar Sleeve Avulsion Fracture

39
Q

Ossification or calcification at inferior pole of patella

A

Sindig Larsen Johansson

40
Q

Irregularitis and fragmentation of tibial tuberosity

A

Osgood schlatter

41
Q

Well defined hypodense lesion in temporal lobe with underlying bone remodelling

A

DNET

42
Q

Hyperdense cortical lesion with mass effect, necrosis and cysts

A

PNET

43
Q

Hyperinflation and increased lucency with curvilinear opacity from the hilum

A

Bronchial atresia

43
Q

Multiple fractures, bone in bone appearance of spine

A

Osteopetrosis

44
Q

Hypoattenuating, non enhancing mass with peripheral calcifications, above lateral ventrcles

A

Lipoma

45
Q

Normal white matter on MRI (Mature)

A

Hyperintense on T1, Hypointense on T2

46
Q

Most characteristic spinal appearance in Sickle Cell

A

Lincoln Log appearance.
Square like depressions in superior and inferior endplates on lateral imaging

47
Q

Best Ix for PHPV (& findings)

A

MRI, typical triangular shape with low T2 signal

48
Q

Hyperinflation with coarse, linear densities and focal areas of emphysema (neonate)

A

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)

49
Q

Right pleural based mass, no rib invasion

A

Pleuropulmonary blastoma

50
Q

Hard mass adjacent to orbit, involving lateral wall of orbit

A

Neuroblastoma

51
Q

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome monitoring

A

Abdo US every 3 months to look for Wilms and other tumours

52
Q

Brachycephaly, maxillary hypoplasia, hypertelorism, Syndactyly

A

Apert syndrome

53
Q

Craniosynostosis and facial abnormalities, normal fingers

A

Crouzon syndrome

54
Q

5 year survival for thoracic neuroblastoma

A

78%

55
Q

Persistent mass after successful reduction of intusussception

A

Oedematous ileocaecal valve creating pseudomass

56
Q

Prenatal hydronephrosis, when to US after birth

A

5-7 days

57
Q

Heterogenous lesion with enhancing solid components in 3rd ventricle

A

Craniopharyngioma

58
Q

Reed Sternberg cells

A

Hodgkin Lymphoma

59
Q

Recurrent croup caused by

A

Subglottic stenosis

60
Q

Large, heterogenous mass with necrotic areas, fever, 10YO

A

Burkitt Lymphoma

61
Q

Multiple, hyperechoic masses on echocardiogram

A

Rhabdomyoma

62
Q

Bladder exstrophy

A

Herniation of urinary bladder through a hole in the anterior infra-umbilical abdominal wall

63
Q

Swyer james vs air trapping

A

Affected lung is smaller in Swyer James

64
Q

Course of umbilical venous catheter

A

Posterior from umbilicus,
umbilical vein
through left portal vein
through ductus venosus,
through IVC,
right side of spine

65
Q

Pathology underlying Caroli disease

A

Impaired ciliary function

66
Q

Pulmonary plethora and cyanosis

A

TAPVR

67
Q

Screening conducted in first week of life for premature infants

A

US brain for germinal matrix haemorrhage

68
Q

Haemorrhage deep to aponeurosis, not limited by suture lines

A

Subgaleal haemorrhage

69
Q

5 year survival post atrial switch for D-TGA

A

90%

70
Q

DMSA vs MAG3

A

DMSA looks for scarring
MAG3 assesses renal function

71
Q

Well circumscribed heterogenous mass in kidney which enhancess less than the kidney

A

Wilms

72
Q

Most likely to met to lung in child

A

Wilms

73
Q

Plane used to assess for DDH on US

A

Coronal plane

74
Q

Echogenic renal pyramids with tubular ectasia

A

ARPKD

75
Q

Midgut volvulus can cause (AXR)

A

Double bubble

76
Q

Associations with cystic hygroma (fetal)

A

Turner,
Downs,
CF,
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia,
CAH

77
Q

Croup management

A

Nebulised adrenaline

78
Q

C-section associated with

A

TTN

79
Q

Thymoma relation to thymus

A

Often inseparable

80
Q

Bell shaped thorax, short ribs, normal vertebra

A

Jeune syndrome (Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy)

81
Q

Median survival for CF

A

41.1 years

82
Q

Enlarging periorbital mass in infant

A

Capillary haemangioma

83
Q

Hypoechoic testicular mass with increased vascularity and increased AFP

A

Yolk sac tumour

84
Q

Yolk sac tumour on US, next step

A

Immediate exploration and orchidectomy

85
Q

Lateral condyle fractures associated with

A

Ulnar nerve injury

86
Q

Flattening of femoral head, enlargement of medial joint space

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes

87
Q

Ill defined, non-encapsulated, trans-spacial multiloculated cystic and solid lesion in orbit

A

Orbital lymphangioma

88
Q

Symptomatic CCAM Rx

A

Immediate surgical resection

89
Q

Scaphocephaly

A

Premature closure of sagittal suture.
Long, narrow forehead resembling an upside down boat

90
Q

Significance of alpha angle in hip

A

Assesses depth of hip

91
Q

Gold standard Ix for biliary atresia

A

Intraoperative cholangiogram

92
Q

RDS

A

Ground glass opacities with air bronchograms

93
Q

Medial epicondyle not visible on XR

A

Medial epicondyle avulsion (little league elbow)

Revise Radiology Qs Notes (60 decks)

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