Imaging SBAs Unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Child, Cerebellar mass, extending into cerebellopontine angle. Intense enhancement and diffusion restriction with surrounding oedema

A

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid

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2
Q

Primary CNS Lymphoma vs Toxoplasmosis

A

CNS:
Usually single lesion,
Subependymal spread,
Solid enhancement pattern
Toxoplasmosis:
Multiple lesions
Usually basal ganglia
Ring enhancement

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3
Q

Most posterosuperior ethmoid air cell, separated from optic nerve and ICA by very thin bone

A

Onodi cell

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4
Q

Most anterior ethmoidal air cell

A

Agger Nasi cell

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5
Q

Enhancing mass at base of tongue in midline

A

Lingual thyroid

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6
Q

Definitive Ix for herpes encephalitis

A

Lumbar puncture

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7
Q

Carotid body tumour MRI

A

Iso T1, High T2, multiple flow voids

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8
Q

Causes of high T1 in basal ganlgia

A

Calcification,
Haemorrhage, Wilsons, Long term TPN,
Chronic liver disease,
NF1 hamartomas

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9
Q

MIR signs of malignant transformation of pleomorphic adenoma

A

Heterogenous signal,
Irregular margins,
Lymphadenopathy,
adjacent soft tissue or bone spread,
Facial perineural spread

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10
Q

Pleomorphic adenoma MRI

A

Low T1, High T2.

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11
Q

Causes of visual field defects

A

Temporal lobe = contralateral superior quadrantinopia
Visual cortex = contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Occipital lobe = homonomous hemianopia with macula sparing
Optic chiasm = bitemporal hemianopia
Optic nerve = ipsilateral anopsia

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12
Q

Renal impairment, hypertension, intracranial aneurysm

A

ADPKD

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13
Q

Acute carbon monoxide poisoning MRI

A

High T2 signal in basal ganglia and globus pallidus with diffusion restriction

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14
Q

Multiple rounded cystic intracranial lesions, surrounding oedema, immunosuppressed.

A

Toxoplasmosis

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15
Q

Von-Hippel-Lindau associations

A

Cerebellar haemangioblastoma,
Spinal cord haemangioblastoma,
Retinal Haemangioblastoma,
Pancreatic cysts,
Renal cysts,
RCC,

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16
Q

Causes of basal ganglia calcification

A

Toxic (CO, Pb, radiation, chemo),
Infection (Torch),
Metabolic (hypothyroid, hypoparathyroid, pseudohypooparathyroid, hyperparathyroid)

17
Q

Laryngoceles are associated with

A

Laryngeal Cancer

18
Q

Intermittent cyanosis on crying in neonate (Dx and Ix)

A

Bilateral choanal atresia,
CT nasal passage

19
Q

Swelling and high signal in hippocampi and amygdala.
Poor memory, hyponatraemia, seizures

A

Limbic encephalitis, often paraneoplastic

20
Q

Sturge Weber caused by

A

Cortical venous angioma with gradual calcification

21
Q

Heterogenous cystic mass with solid enhancing components and calcification - Suprasellar

A

craniopharyngioma

22
Q

NF1 diagnostic criteria

A

2 or more of the following:
6 cafe-au-lait spots during 1 year.
2 or more neurofibromas or one plexiform neurofibroma
optic nerve glioma
distinctive osseous lesion
sphenoid wing dysplasia
2 or more Lisch nodules
Axillary or inguinal freckling
Primary relative wit NF1

23
Q

Risk factors for future haemorrage in brain AVM

A

Intranidal aneurysms,
Venous ectasia,
Posterior fossa location,
Previous haemorrhage

24
Q

Epidermoid cyst vs arachnoid cyst

A

Epidermoid demonstrate diffusion restriction

25
Q

Base of infundibulum lesion, isointense to brain on all images

A

Hypothalamic hamartoma/Tuber cinereum hamartoma

26
Q

Cortical lesion, central high intensity on T1/T2 with low T2 rim

A

Cavernoma

27
Q

Normal cranial suture width for 2YO

A

<1mm

28
Q

Metabolic storage disease associated with

A

Macrocephaly

29
Q

J shaped sella

A

Flattened tuberculum sellae, caused by:
Normal variant,
Optic chiasm glioma,
NF,
Achondroplasia,
Mucopolysaccharidoses,
Chronic hydrocephalus

30
Q

Orbital pseudotumour

A

Low T1 and T2 signal in occular muscle, sparing tendons

31
Q

Floating teeth causes

A

No obvious supporting bone for teeth.
Seen in:
Severe peridontal disease,
LCH,
Hyperparathyroidism,
Mets & myeloma

32
Q

Frontal sinuses mucosal disease caused by obstruction at

A

Anterior hiatus semilunaris

33
Q

Contents of jugular foramen

A

Pars nervosa:
Inferior petrosal sinus,
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN 9)
Pars Vascularis:
Jugular bulb,
Vagus nerve (CN 10)
Spinal accessory nerve (CN 11)