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Year 2 Pharmacology > Rheumatoid arthritis and migraine > Flashcards

Rheumatoid arthritis and migraine Flashcards

1
Q

what are the stages of RA?

A

initiation
amplification
chronic inflammation with tissue injury

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2
Q

what characterizes the amplification stage of RA?

A

T cell activation

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3
Q

what are the first line drugs for RA?

A

NSAIDs

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4
Q

what are the other drug types for RA?

A

glucocorticoids

disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS)

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5
Q

do NSAIDs alter the progression of RA?

A

no

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6
Q

do DMARDs alter the progression of RA?

A

yes - slow progression

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7
Q

what are the two types of DMARDs?

A

synthetic

biologic

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8
Q

what are the synthetic DMARDs?

A 
antimetabolite / antifolate 
polypeptide abx 
cytostatic / cytotoxic 
antimalarial 
gold compounds
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9
Q

what is the first line DMARD agent for RA? which class is it in?

A

methotrexate

antimetabolite

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10
Q

what class of drug is leflunomide? what is the MOA?

A

synthetic DMARD

inhibits ribonucleotide synthesis cell cycle arrest

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11
Q

chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are what type of drug?

A

synthetic DMARDs

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12
Q

what are the general MOAs of the biologic DMARDs?

A

ab-ag interactions
cytokine receptor interactions
cell signaling proteins, inhibitors, ligands

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13
Q

what are the anti-TNF biologic DMARDs?

A

etanercept

infliximab

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14
Q

what is the IL-1 inhibitor DMARD?

A

anakinra

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15
Q

what is the MOA of anakinra?

A

IL-1 receptor inhibitor

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16
Q

what is the MOA of etanercept and infliximab?

A

anti-TNF

17
Q

what is the treatment of choice for PREVENTION of migraines?

A

metoprolol (b1)

18
Q

what are the prevention agents for migraines?

A 
propanalol (b1 and b2) 
metoprolol (b1) 
amitryptyline 
divalproex (valproate) 
topiramate
19
Q

which migraine drug class has adverse effects that include drowsiness, tremor, hair loss, blood and liver abnormalities, and teratogenicity?

A

anticonvulsants

20
Q

which migraine drug class has adverse effects that include postaural symptoms and is contraindicated in patients with asthma?

A

beta blockers

21
Q

when are NSAIDs used in migraines?

A

non specific pain therapy in acute migraine attacks

22
Q

which drugs carry a risk of transforming migraines into a more severe, chronic form?

A

NSAIDs

opiates

23
Q

what are the antiemetic drugs used for acute migraine attacks?

A

metoclopramide
chlorpromazine
prochlorperazine

24
Q

what are the ergot derivative agents? what is the MOA?

A

ergotamine
dihydroergotamine

vasoconstriction via alpha receptors and 5-HT receptors

25
Q

what is the triptan drug? what is the MOA?

A

sumatriptan

selective 5-HT1d and 5-HT1b receptor agonists

26
Q

what are the contraindications of the triptan drugs?

A

restricted for presence of CV disease

27
Q

what is the best treatment for migraines?

A

sleep

28
Q

the triptan drugs relieve what migraine symptoms?

A

pain
nausea
photophobia

Year 2 Pharmacology (70 decks)

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