Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 Pharmacology > CNS stimulants > Flashcards

CNS stimulants Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three classes of CNS stimulants?

A

analeptics and respiratory stimulants
methylxanthines
sympathomimetic amides - psychomotor stimulants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the analeptic / respiratory stimulant agent?

A

doxapram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the MOA of doxapram?

A

binds to carotid artery chemoreceptors and medullary respiratory centers to increase tidal volume and RR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the clinical use of doxapram?

A

counteract postanesthetic respiratory depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the methylxanthine CNS stimulants?

A

caffeine

theophylline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the primary clinical use for caffeine?

A

apnea of prematurity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the primary clinical use for theophylline?

A

COPD

asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the MOA of theophylline?

A

relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the sympathomimetic amide CNS stimulants?

A

amphetamine and analogues

methamphetamine 
dexamphetamine 
methylphenidate 
cocaine 
modanifil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which sympathomimetic amide CNS stimulant has a MOA that involves inhibition of NE reuptake?

A

atomoxetine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how are CNS stimulants degraded in the periphery?

A

MAOa and MAOb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where are CNS stimulants metabolized? how?

A

liver

microsomal p450s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which drugs should be avoided with CNS stimulant use? why?

A

MAOIs and SSRIs

increased levels of monoamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how are CNS stimulants excreted?

A

urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the general MOA for analeptic stimulants?

A

depression of inhibitory neurotransmission

GABA and glycine antagonists - decrease chloride influx and hyperpolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the general MOA for methylxanthines?

A

inhibition of CNS suppressant

reduce adenosine activity by A1 receptor antagonism

17
Q

what is the general MOA for amphetamines?

A

enhancement of excitatory transmission

18
Q

what is the general MOA for cocaine?

A

enhancement of excitatory transmission

inhibition of monoamine uptake via blockade of DA and NE transporters

19
Q

what is the general MOA for atomoxetine?

A

enhancement of excitatory transmission

selective NE transporter blockade

20
Q

what is the clinical use for methylphenidate?

A

ADHD

21
Q

what is the clinical use for modanifil?

A

narcolepsy and sleep disorders

22
Q

which CNS stimulant is used for obesity?

A

amphetamine

23
Q

which schedule regulation is assigned to amphetamine?

A

schedule II

24
Q

which brain area involved in the reward pathway is affected by cocaine?

A

ventral tegmental area

25
Q

what are the CNS side effects of psychomotor stimulants?

A 
euphora 
dysphoria 
insomnia 
irritability 
tremor 
headache 
loss of appetite
26
Q

what are the CV side effects of psychomotor stimulants?

A

MI, stroke

27
Q

which psychomotor stimulant is associated with steven johnson syndrome? what other side effect is associated with this drug?

A

modafinil

skin rashes

28
Q

which agents are used to treat ADHD?

A

methylphenidate - ritalin
amphetamine salts - adderall, adderall XR
dextroamphetamine - dexedrine, dextrostat

29
Q

what are the non-stimulant agents used to treat ADHD?

A

atomoxetine
clonidine
modafinil
antidepressants - TCAs, MAOIs, bupropion

30
Q

which non-stimulant agent used to treat ADHD is FDA approved?

A

atomoxetine

31
Q

what is the MOA of atomoxetine?

A

selective NE reuptake blocker

32
Q

what are the side effects in ADHD treatment?

A

decreased appetite and weight loss

insomnia

Year 2 Pharmacology (70 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions