Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 Pharmacology > Drugs of abuse II > Flashcards

Drugs of abuse II Flashcards

1
Q

what are the most commonly abused benzodiazepines?

A

diazepam (valium)

alprazolam (xanax)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the ‘date rape’ drugs?

A

flunitrazepam (rohypnol)

GHB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the role of flumazenil? what is the clinical use?

A

benzodiazepine receptor antagonist

overdose, reversal of anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the common name of methylphenidate?

A

ritalin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the relative risk of addiction for psychostimulants?

A

5 (scale 0-5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the sympathomimetic effects of amphetamines?

A

mydriasis
tachycardia
hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the MOA for psychostimulants?

A

taken up into DA and NE terminals

cause vesicle release of DA and NE

reverse DA transporter - increased release of DA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the MOA of MDMA?

A

interferes with SERT to release 5-HT from presynaptic terminals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the acute toxicity of MDMA?

A

hyperthermia and dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the relative risk of addiction score for psychedelics?

A

1 (scale 0-5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the MOA of the psychedelics?

A

release glutamate in cortex via thalamic excitation

target 5-HT receptors - GPCRq - IP3 - increase calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the MOA of ketamine and PCP?

A

block NMDA type glutamate receptors

decrease activity of cortex and limbic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the relative risk of addiction score for opioids?

A

4 (scale 0-5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the MOA of opioids?

A

inhibit GABAergic neurons via activation of mu opioid receptors leading to disinhibition of the VTA DA neurons causing euphoria

inhibition of VTA DA neurons via activation of kappa opioid receptors (inhibitory) causing dysphoria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which mu opioid receptor antagonist is used primarily for maintenance therapy?

A

naltrexone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which mu opioid receptor antagonist is used for emergency overdose?

A

naloxone

17
Q

what is dronabinol?

A

synthetic THC approved for treatment of chronic pain

18
Q

what is the relative risk of addiction score for cannabinoids?

A

2 (scale 0-5)

19
Q

what is the MOA for cannabinoids?

A

THC disinhibits DA neurons in the VTA via presynaptic cannabinoid receptors - likely involves removing GABAa inhibition

20
Q

what is the MOA of nicotine?

A

activation of nicotinic Ach receptors on VTA projections resulting in DA release in nucleus accumbens and PFC

21
Q

what are the two treatment options for nicotine?

A

bupropion - antidepressant

varenicline - high affinity nAchR agonist

Year 2 Pharmacology (70 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions