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Year 2 Pharmacology > Pharmacogenomics II > Flashcards

Pharmacogenomics II Flashcards

1
Q

what are the gene polymorphisms that affect pharmacokinetics?

A 
metabolic enzymes: 
CYP2D6 
CYP2C19 
CYP2C9 
DPD 
TPMT

drug transporters:
solute carrier organic anion transporter 1B1

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2
Q

tamoxifen, codeine, and paroxetine are metabolized by what enzyme?

A

CYP2D6

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3
Q

what drugs are metabolized by CYP2D6?

A

tamoxifen
codeine
paroxetine

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4
Q

patients who are poor metabolizers for CYP2D6 will have what response to tamoxifen? why?

A

low

cannot be converted to active form

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5
Q

women with ER positive breast cancer need to be screened for what polymorphism?

A

CYP2D6

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6
Q

what is the effect of CYP2D6 on codeine?

A

activation to active compound (morphine)

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7
Q

what is the effect of CYP2D6 on tamoxifen?

A

activation to active compound (4-OH tamoxifen)

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8
Q

what is the effect of CYP2D6 on paroxetine (SSRI)?

A

metabolism to less active compound

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9
Q

clopidogrel, omeprazole, and lansoprazole are metabolized by what enzyme?

A

CYP2C19

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10
Q

which drugs are metabolized by CYP2C19 enzyme?

A

clopidogrel
omeprazole
lansoprazole

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11
Q

what is the effect of CYP2C19 on clopidogrel?

A

activation

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12
Q

what might be a good alternative to clopidogrel therapy in patients with inactive CYP2C19 alleles?

A

asdf

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13
Q

what is the effect of CYP2C19 on omeprazole?

A

inactivation

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14
Q

CYP2C19 poor metabolizers will have what omeperazole serum levels?

A

high

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15
Q

what enzyme is responsible for warfarin metabolism?

A

CYP2C9

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16
Q

what is the effect of CYP2C9 on warfarin?

A

clears warfarin

17
Q

CYP2C9 poor metabolizers will show what levels of warfarin?

A

high

18
Q

polymorphisms in what proteins affect 5-FU?

A

DPD

TYMS

19
Q

polymorphisms in what protein affects 6-MP?

A

TPMT

20
Q

what is the function of DPD?

A

reduces toxicity of 5-FU by inactivating it

21
Q

decreased DPD leads to what? are these changes pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic?

A

increased adverse effects of 5-FU

pharmacodynamic

22
Q

what is the function of TPMT?

A

inactivates 6-MP

23
Q

polymorphism causing a decrease in activity of SLC01B1 leads to what?

A

high levels of simvastatin

24
Q

polymorphism at the ADRB2 gene has what affect on albuterol therapy?

A

decreased

25
Q

polymorphisms in what proteins increases the risk of venous thromboembolisms with oral contraceptive use?

A

factor V leiden

prothrombin

26
Q

individuals with a polymorphism in HLA-B 57:01 protein have a high risk of hypersensitivity (stevens johnson syndrome) when given what drug?

A

abacavir

27
Q

individuals with a polymorphism in HLA-B 57:01 protein have what response when given abacavir?

A

hypersensitivity (stevens johnson syndrome)

28
Q

alpha interferon therapy is used for what condition?

A

HCV

Year 2 Pharmacology (70 decks)

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