GI pharmacology III

Question 1

what are common treatment strategies for IBS?

Answer 1

1. loperamide - diarrhea reduction
2. osmotic laxatives - constipation reduction
3. tricyclic antidepressant / antispasmodics - pain relief

Question 2

what type of drug is tegasarod (Zelnorm)? what is the mechanism of action?

Answer 2

1. IBS constipation

2. 5-HT4 partial agonist

Question 3

what type of drug is alosetron (Lotrenex)? what is the mechanism of action?

Answer 3

1. IBS diarrhea

2. 5-HT3 antagonist

Question 4

what are the adverse effects of tegasarod?

Answer 4

cardiac - MI and stroke

Question 5

IBD includes which two diseases?

Answer 5

1. Crohn’s

2. ulcerative colitis

Question 6

Crohn’s disease

Answer 6

idiopathic inflammatory disorder affecting any part of the GI tract

Question 7

ulcerative colitis

Answer 7

chronic inflammatory disease that causes ulcerations of the colonic mucosa

Question 8

what type of drug is aminosalicylates (ASAs)? what is the mechanism of action?

Answer 8

1. anti-IBD

2. inhibition of COX production of PGs, interference with inflammatory cytokine production, inhibit nfkB signaling

Question 9

what type of drug is glucocorticoids? what is the mechanism of action?

Answer 9

1. anti-IBD

2. suppression of inflammation

Question 10

what type of drug is antimetabolites? what is the mechanism of action?

Answer 10

1. anti-IBD

2. inhibition of immune cell proliferation

Question 11

what type of drug is anti-TNFa therapy? what is the mechanism of action?

Answer 11

1. anti-IBD

2. inhibition of TNFa mediated immune response

Question 12

how do the 5-ASA compounds work?

Answer 12

need to applied “topically” in the gut lumen

Question 13

sulfasalazine is used for what condition?

Answer 13

IBD (5-ASA)

Question 14

mesalamine-pentasa/asasol/rowasa/canasa are used for what condition?

Answer 14

IBD (5-ASA)

Question 15

which steroids are used for IBD?

Answer 15

1. prednisone
2. prednisolone
3. hydrocortisone
4. budesonide

Question 16

what are the antimetabolite drugs used for IBD?

Answer 16

1. 6-mercaptopurine
2. azathioprine
3. methotrexate

Question 17

what is the mechanism of action for infliximab?

Answer 17

1. TNFa monoclonal Ab

2. binds / sequesters TNFa

Question 18

what is the first line of defense for ulcerative colitis?

Answer 18

1. sulfasalazine

2. mesalamine