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revision sessions Flashcards

1
Q

what are dendritic ulcers caused by

A

HSV

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2
Q

if the corneal ulcer is central what does this mean

A

its infective

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3
Q

treatment for a bacterial corneal ulcer

A

olfloxacin

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4
Q

which cancer is anterior uveitis associated with

A

leukaemia

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5
Q

what is synechiae caused by

A

the pupil stuck to the lens

anterior uveitis

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6
Q

management if a hypopyon is seen in anterior uveitis

A

urgent review

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7
Q

what is amaurosis fugax caused by

A

block in the carotid artery

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8
Q

symptoms of amaurosis fugax

A

curtain coming down

-transient vision loss in one eye

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9
Q

treatment for amaurosis fugax

A

self limiting

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10
Q

symptoms of acute angle closure glaucoma

A
  • Severe pain and nausea
  • Circumcorneal injection
  • Cornea cloudy (oedematous)
  • Pupil mid-dilated
  • Eye stony hard
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11
Q

treatment for acute angle closure glaucoma

A

pilocarpine eye drops

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12
Q

symptoms and signs of vitreous haemorrhage

A
  • sudden painless vision loss or haze
  • floaters
  • loss of red reflex
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13
Q

risk factor for retinal detachment

A

SHORT sighted

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14
Q

causes of optic neuritis

A

MS
lupus
other infections or immune diseases

optic neuritis can be an early sign of MS

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15
Q

arteritic causes of ischaemic optic neuropathy

A

GCA (temporal arteritis)

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16
Q

non-arteritic causes of ischaemic optic neuropathy

A

vascular risk factors

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17
Q

what nerve supplies the sole of the foot

A

tibial nerve

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18
Q

what metabolic disturbance can compartment syndrome cause

A

lactic acidosis

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19
Q

treatment for an undisplaced ankle fracture

A

moonboot

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20
Q

difference between presentation of septic arthritis and bursitis

A

septic arthritis - can barely move joint

bursitis - can move it

21
Q

weber ankle fracture classification

A

A - below syndesmosis
B - level of syndesmosis
C - above syndesmosis

22
Q

if a 0-5yrs has recent viral infection and sore joint

A

transient synovitis

23
Q

knee pain in a 10 year old but normal knee x-ray

A

could be SUFE

24
Q

which hip fractures do not always cause a disruption of shentons line

A

femoral neck fractures

25
Q

what is healing by secondary intention

A

bottom of the reconstruction ladder

  • Describes the healing of a wound in which the wound edges cannot be approximated
  • Requires a granulation tissue matrix to be built to fill the wound defect
26
Q

what is healing by primary closure

A

second on the reconstruction ladder

-Occurs when the wound edges are approximated e.g. by sutures, staples or glue

27
Q

whats third on the reconstruction ladder

A

skin grafts

28
Q

whats fourth on the reconstruction ladder

A

skin flaps

29
Q

where does the recurrent laryngeal nerve branch from

A

vagus nerve

30
Q

what can’t you give to a patient with glandular fever

A

amoxicillin

31
Q

CRP levels in glandular fever

A

low

32
Q

what test for glandular fever

A

paul-bunnel test

33
Q

where do nosebleeds branch from

A

internal and external carotid artery

34
Q

management of sudden sensorineural hearing loss

A

emergency

-refer to ENT

35
Q

stridor is a problem where?

and what type of pitch

A

voice box

high pitch

36
Q

stertor is a problem where?

and what type of pitch

A

higher than the larynx

low pitched inspiratory

37
Q

is a wheeze expiratory or inspiratory

A

expiratory

38
Q

when is someone with nasal trauma seen if there is no haematoma or CSF leak

A

in 7 days

39
Q

at what frequency is noise induced hearing loss seen at

A

between 2000-4000

40
Q

symptoms of migraine associated vertigo

A
  • vertigo
  • photophobia
  • headache
41
Q

investigation for patients with chronic ear ache but normal ENT exam

A

MRI

42
Q

investigation for neck swellings

A

USS FNA

43
Q

investigations for problems with parotid gland or nasopharynx

A

MRI

44
Q

what virus is most commonly associated with tonsil cancers

A

HPV 16

45
Q

if a salivary gland mass is small what does this mean

A

more likely to be malignant

46
Q

symptoms of a pharyngeal pouch

A
  • regurgitation

- bad breath

47
Q

who most commonly gets eosinophilic oesophagitis

A

young patients with asthma

48
Q

what cancers are HPV 6&11 related to

A

larynx

49
Q

what nerve can be damaged in parotid surgery

A

mandibular branch of the facial nerve

exam stuff (55 decks)

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