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exam stuff > final passmed:0 > Flashcards

final passmed:0 Flashcards

1
Q

what needs to be done before a water deprivation test in suspected nephrogenic DI

A

serum collected calcium

-to exclude hypercalcaemia due to hyperparathyroidism

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2
Q

drug most likely to cause hyponatraemia

A

bendroflumethiazide

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3
Q

which rheumatoid arthritis drug can cause osteoporosis

A

prednisolone

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4
Q

intraperitoneal organs

A
  • stomach
  • small bowel
  • part of the colon (caecum, transverse and sigmoid)
  • liver
  • spleen
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5
Q

tension movements in a stressed child

A

disorganised attachment

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6
Q

when mother departs or comes back the child is distressed or uncertain

A

ambivalent attachment

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7
Q

normal child

A

easy temperment

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8
Q

itchy vesicles over extensor surfaces

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

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9
Q

what hormone induces labour and is important in breastfeeding

A

oxytocin

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10
Q

investigation for unilateral sensorineural hearing loss

A

MRI head

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11
Q

investigation for recurrent episodes of acute sinusitis

A

CT head

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12
Q

do cataracts usually appear in one or two eyes

A

two eyes

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13
Q

if there is a large haemorrhage at the macula and sudden onset vision loss what does this suggest

A

wet ARMD

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14
Q

hair loss with exclamation mark hairs

A

alopecia areata

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15
Q

what is the active contractile phase of dupuytrens contracture

A

myofibroblasts within the lesion

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16
Q

treatment for herpes zoster opthalmicus

A

oral acyclovir

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17
Q

what are the clinical findings of frozen shoulder

A

active and passive movement limited and external rotation most affected

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18
Q

treatment for anti-phospholipid syndrome

A

aspirin if they’ve never had a thromboembolic event

warfarin if they have

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19
Q

is azathioprine safe to use in pregnancy

A

yes

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20
Q

what is a colles fracture

A

Colles’ fracture - Dorsally Displaced Distal radius → Dinner fork Deformity

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21
Q

what is a bennets fracture

A

intra-articular fracture at the base of the thumb metacarpal which commonly results from forced abduction of the first metacarpal

Bennets = Boxer

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22
Q

symptoms or mortons neuroma

A
  • forefoot pain in between the toes
  • worst on walking
  • loss of sensation in the toes
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23
Q

investigation for mortons neuroma

A

USS

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24
Q

treatment for an extracapsular fracture that is: reverse oblique, transverse or sub trochanteric

A

intramedullary nail

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25
Q

treatment for all other extracapsular hip fractures

A

dynamic hip screw

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26
Q

treatment for an intracapsular displaced hip fracture

A

independent - total hip replacement

dependent - hemiarthroplasty

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27
Q

treatment for an undisplaced intracapsular fracture

A

healthy - internal fixation

frail - hemiarthroplasty

28
Q

whats the garden classification used for

A

hip!!!!!

29
Q

if T score is less than -1.5, what is done

A

offer bone protection

-vit D, calcium supplementation and oral bisphosponate

30
Q

is an intertrochanteric fracture intracapsular or extracapsular

A

extracapsular

31
Q

which nerve root for the triceps

A

C7

32
Q

callus surrounding the bone

A

stress fracture

33
Q

investigation for achilles tendon rupture

A

USS

34
Q

most common complication of hip replacements

A

aseptic loosening

35
Q

what is sometimes seen on otoscopic examination in otosclerosis

A

reddish blush visible on the cochlear promontory

36
Q

bulging tympanic membrane with symptoms

A

acute otitis media

37
Q

bubbles behind tympanic membrane and no symptoms

A

otitis media with effusion

38
Q

if someone has scarring from acne what should their management be

A

refer to dermatology

39
Q

what antibiotic for tonsillitis

A

phenoxymethylpenicillin for 10 days

40
Q

first line treatment for lichen planus

A

topical steroid and antihistamine

41
Q

in pemphigus vulgaris what do the antibodies target

A

the desmosomes

42
Q

what do the antibodies target in bullous pemphigoid

A

hemidesmosomes

43
Q

treatment for unhealed perforated ear drum

A

myringoplasty

44
Q

what is this

A

seborrheic keratoses

45
Q

alcohols effect on ADH

A

inhibits the release of ADH

46
Q

what is the descending limb of the loop of henle permeable to

A

only water

47
Q

what is a worrying urinary ACR

A

3 or more

48
Q

if elevation of the testes relieves the pain, what does this mean

A

its epididymitis

49
Q

treatment for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

thiazide diuretics

NOT DESMOPRESSIN

50
Q

most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism

A

adenoma

51
Q

what type of hypersensitivity is SLE

A

type 3

52
Q

what neurovascular structure is most likely to be compromised in a scaphoid fracture

A

dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery

53
Q

most likely cause of death for someone on haemodialysis for CKD

A

ischaemic heart disease

54
Q

kawasaki disease

A 
childhood febrile vasculitis 
mostly under 5 years and males 
-bilateral conjunctivitis 
-changes in lips and oral mucosa cavities
-lymphadenopathy
-polymorphous rash
-changes in the extremities
55
Q

what defines a pre term baby

A

before 37 weeks gestation

56
Q

how many weeks for foetal loss

A

<22 weeks

57
Q

age of head control

A

3 months

58
Q

sitting balance

A

6 months

59
Q

crawling

A

9 months

60
Q

standing

A

12 months

61
Q

runs

A

18 motnhs

62
Q

hand regard in midline

A

3 months

63
Q

grasps toy

A

6 months

64
Q

knows name

A

12 months

65
Q

friendly with strangers

A

6 months

66
Q

risk factor for adhesive capsulitis

A

diabetes mellitus

67
Q

what is endophthalmitis

A

purulent inflammation of the intra-ocular fluid usually due to infection
-complication of cataract surgery

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