passmed Flashcards
what is seen in MEN 1
- parathyroid (hyperparathyroidism)
- pituitary
- pancreas (insulinomas, gastrinoma)
most common presentation is hypercalcaemia
if there is low potassium what does this mean about the aldosterone levels
they are HIGH
resp features of GPA
- haemoptysis
- pulmonary infiltrates
- alveolar haemorrhage
- cavitating nodules on CXR
is club foot passively correctable
no
causes of dactylitis
inflammation of one digit
- psoriatic and reactive arthritis
- sickle cell disease
- TB, sarcoid, syphilis
what can tenderness over the tibia indicate
a stress fracture
positive lachman test
ACL rupture
side effect of bisphosphonates
osteonecrosis of the jaw
do prolactinomas cause fertility problems
yes
side effect of immunosuppressants (azathioprine)
myelosuppression
how long should antibiotics be prescribed in septic arthritis
4-6 weeks
if a hip dislocation presents with a clunk, what type of dislocation is it most likely to be
posterior
foot pain exacerbated by walking on tip toes
plantar fasciitis
treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
thiazide diuretics
thiazide diuretic effects on sodium and potassium levels
results in sodium and potassium excretion
treatment of nephrotic syndrome
corticosteroids
what disease is pyoderma gangrenosum associated wtih
Crohns
which MEN causes phaeochromocytoma
2a and 2b
swelling where is a feature of sjogren syndrome
parotid
what is a basal bolus insulin regime
take long acting once a day and then short acting at meal times
what causes guttate psoriasis
strep infection
usually in children
what antibodies for pemphigus vulgaris
IgG autoantibodies against desmosomes
what is seen on immunofluouresence in pemphigus vulgaris
circular intra-epidermal deposits
first line investigation for acromegaly
IGF-1 levels
can diabetes cause erectile dysfunction
yes
-autonomic neuropathy
what virus is seborrhoeic dermatitis associated with
HIV
which men presents with medullary thyroid cancer
MEN 2a
triggers of shingles
- malignancy
- stress
- systemic infection
- immunocompromised patients
what is the management for de quervain’s thyroiditis
analgesia (naproxen)
joint aspirate results in rheumatoid arthritis
WBCs
what cancer is hashimotos associated with
MALT lymphoma
which diabetic drugs increase insulin sensitivity
thiazolidinediones
if a post menopausal woman has a fracture, what should she be put on
bisphosphonate and calcium supplementation
if urine osmolality is high after water deprivation and desmopressin what does this mean
primary polydispia (psychogenic)
what is required for an asymptomatic patient to be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
two abnormal hbA1c readings
can acromegaly cause galactorrhea
yes
investigation for phaeochromocytoma
plasma and urinary metanephrines
thyroid results in pregnancy
raised T3, T4
normal TSH
normal fT3, fT4
blood results for kleinfelters
- low testosterone
- high LH
- high FSH
blood results for kallmanns
- testosterone low
- LH low/normal
- FSH low/normal
most common cause of hyperparathyroidism
adenoma
what is a complication of fluid resus in DKA
cerebral oedema
-can cause seizures
what is the PTH level in hypercalcaemia secondary to malignancy
low
-PTHrP may be raised
pepperpot skull appearance
primary hyperparathyroidism
side effect of carbimazole
AGRANULOCYTOSIS
mentioned in revision event !!!
what does rapidly progressive GN look like on renal biopsy
crescentic GN
what do kimmelstiel wilson nodules indicate
diabetic nephropathy
total thyroxine levels (T4) in nephrotic syndrome
may be low
is furosemide safe to use in AKI
no
is warfarin safe to use in AKI
yes
side effect of statins
rhabdomyolysis
complication of nephrotic syndrome
predispose to thrombosis
side effect of fluid resus requiring large volumes
hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis
what should you give to patients with newly diagnosed CKD
ACEi and a statin
